Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis is an acquired condition. It is the most common gastrointestinal emergency in the neonatal period and manifested by ischemic necrosis of the intestinal mucosa. Aim of the study was to assess nurses' knowledge and performance regarding care of neonate with necrotizing enterocolitis at neonatal intensive care units. Design: A descriptive research design was utilized in this study. Settings: the study was conducted at neonatal intensive care units of Benha Specialized Pediatric Hospital. Sample: A convenient sample of 60 nurses and 50 high risk neonates had necrotizing enterocolitis were included. Tools of data collection; Two tools were used to collect data: A structured interviewing questionnaire sheet (tool 1) to collect sociodemographic data of nurses and their knowledge about necrotizing enterocolitis, an observational checklist (tool 2) was modified by the researcher to assess nurses' performance regarding care of neonate with necrotizing enter colitis. Results: The present study revealed that; more than two thirds of the studied nurses had an average level of knowledge, two thirds of them, their performance were unsatisfactory and there was a positive relation between total knowledge and performance scores of studied nurses and their personal characteristics. Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between total nurses' knowledge and their performance. Recommendations: Developing training programs regarding care of neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis for the nurses working at neonatal intensive care units is important to improve their knowledge and performance.

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Mechanical ventilation is a complex supportive and life saving therapy for many children with respiratory failure. Optimal outcomes for these children are achieved through the skilled delivery of standardized nursing care include management of the airway and ventilator, physical care, emotional support, pain and anxiety control and prevention of complications. The present study aimed to assess the quality of nursing interventions provided to infants receiving mechanical ventilation. The study was conducted at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Tanta University Hospital. It included thirty nurses working in the previously mentioned setting and sixty infants who received mechanical ventilation. Two tools were used for data collection: a structure questionnaire sheet and an observational checklist. The results revealed that, more than half of studied nurses had fair knowledge in relation to their educational level. The majority of them had poor practice in relation to the educational level and years of experience in afternoon shift comparing with morning shift. The study recommended that, in-service training programs and workshops should be conducted for those nurses to improve their knowledge and performance about standard nursing care of mechanically ventilated infants with constructive supervision and follow up by head nurses.