This systematic review illustrates that all currently available aortic valve substitutes are associated with suboptimal results in children, reflecting the urgent need for reliable and durable repair techniques and innovative replacement solutions for this challenging group of patients.

AF/AFL occurs in 1.3% of pregnant patients with structural heart disease with a peak at the end of the second trimester. AF/AFL during pregnancy in cardiac patients is associated with unfavorable maternal outcome and also has an impact on fetal birth weight.

VTA occurred in 1.4% of pregnant women with cardiovascular disease, mainly in the third trimester, and was associated with heart failure during pregnancy. NYHA class before pregnancy was predictive. VTA during pregnancy had clear impact on fetal outcome.

Objective: The aim of this study is to reveal whether there is any relationship between strain elastography (SE) values and Doppler ultrasonography (US) findings, and to investigate the availability of SE in early diagnosis of preeclampsia (PE). Material and Methods: The authors examined 21-24 week old patients who applied to this clinic for anomaly screening. Only 55 pregnant women with anterior or anterolateral placental placement were included in the study. Doppler US data and placental strain elastography values were compared statistically. Results: There was an inverse correlation between umbilical artery resistance index (RI) values and placental strain ratios. Discussion: Histopathological examination shows that, as a result of the increasing extracellular matrix proteins due to increased inflammation, elasticity in the placental tissue decreases, and this may lead to an increase in placental stiffness. Also it is known that, abnormal Doppler US findings are considered to be a weak positive predictor of placental insufficiency. Therefore the present authors compared Doppler US with placental elastography and found an inverse correlation between umbilical artery RI value and placental strain ratio. Conclusion: Placental elasticity can be used for placental abnormalities in addition to other methods, but further studies are needed to use placental elasticity as a positive predictive marker for placental insufficiency.

We present two cases of cardiac sarcoidosis whose first presentation was in pregnancy. All findings confirmed the diagnosis of sarcoidosis with cardiac involvement in both patients. The first patient, a 37-year-old, presented with dizziness and atrial fibrillation at 16 weeks' gestation. Echocardiography revealed thickened interventricular septum with a speckled pattern. Cardiac MRI after delivery showed myocardial oedema/inflammation corresponding with the same regions with early enhancement and epicardial delayed enhancement in the basal to mid-inferoseptal and basal anterior left ventricular myocardial segments. Transbronchial biopsy revealed histology of scanty fragments of inflamed bronchial mucosa. The second patient, a 31-year-old, was 17 weeks pregnant when she presented with daily palpitations and shortness of breath. She had prolonged episodes of supraventricular tachycardia. Echocardiography revealed a speckled septal and right ventricular wall pattern. Cardiac MRI after delivery showed basal and mid-ventricular mesocardial and epicardial enhancement, most compatible with sarcoidosis.

The authors regret that some dates of sponsor's involvement in the program were incorrectly reported in the initial published paper, therefore please consider the below corrected information: Since the start of EORP, the following companies have supported the programme: