The results of this study showed that T. chebula extract was capable of accelerating wound healing in rats by wound contraction, and had beneficial effects more than SSD 1% cream in the management of burn injury.

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Background. We compared the efficacy of P. granatum (P) flower extract with that of silver sulfadiazine (SSD) for treating thermal burn injuries in rats. Methods. Ten Wistar rats in each group were topically given base cream, normal saline, cream containing 1% SSD, or creams containing 5% or 10% Punica granatum flower extract. The treatments were administered once daily until complete wound healing was observed. The wound area and healing time were assessed. In addition, percentage wound contraction and histopathological characteristics such as neovascularization and collagen formation were determined. The tannin content in P. granatum extract was determined. Results. The decrease in the average size of wounds on day 15 of the treatment was higher in rats treated with creams containing P. granatum extract than in rats treated with cream containing SSD (2.8 ± 0.9 cm2 versus 8.4 ± 3.2 cm2). The wounds completely healed on day 25 of the treatment in rats treated with creams containing P. granatum flower extract compared with those in rats treated with the other agents. Conclusion. These results indicated that P. granatum flower extract promoted wound healing in rats and could be used for managing burn injuries.

IntroductionLaryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are known to increase sympathetic activity that may be detrimental to patients with preexisting ischaemic or hypertensive heart disease.AimThe aim of this study was to compare of intravenous and oropharyngeal spray of lidocaine and high dose of fentanyl on systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate of patients over 65 years during tracheal intubation.Material and MethodsIn this clinical trial, 160 patients over 65 yrs who were randomly divided into five groups of 32 patients. For group one lidocaine spray 10%, group two intravenous lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg, group three lidocaine spray along with intravenous lidocaine 0.75 mg/kg, and for group four fentanyl 5μg/kg were administered and group five patients were controls which were given 1 mg of midazolam along with 2 μg/kg fentanyl. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate were measured before and after anesthesia and intubation. ANOVA, Scheffe’s and Repeated measure tests were used for data comparison and P<0.05 was considered significant.ResultsNo significant difference was detected in terms of gender among the understudy groups. The mean (SD) age of patients in all groups were 69 ±3.5 yrs. (65-80 yrs.) and there is no significant difference was detected between the mean age and other basic variables of under study groups (P<0.328). Study results showed that the kind of surgery hasn’t different between groups. The table showed that no difference between male and female. No significant difference was observed between groups with different sizes of tracheal tube in terms of systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate. No significant difference was detected in terms of systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate among groups prior to the induction of anesthesia.ConclusionAll methods were effective for efficient blood pressure control during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between quality of life with stress in the haemodialysis patients. This descriptive correlation study was done on 100 haemodialysis patients selected by consent method from Imam Khomeini and Fatemeh Zahra Hospitals in Sari/Iran from March 2008 to February 2009. Data were collected in questionnaire consisting of 3 sections (demographic feature, quality of life and stress) in three months. In the questionnaire, first, quality of life then stress in the patients was studied and the variables described. Then the relation between them was determined by statistical analysis. From the total number of 100 patients (53 men and 47 women) under study, 42% with partial comfortable life had moderate tension. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant linear relationship with quality of life and degree of tension, (r = 0.802). That is with increase of tension, quality of life declines (p < 0.001). Also Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that there is positive correlation between the number of hemodialysis per week and the history of dialysis (p = 0.001). History of dialysis in 69% of the patients was 1-5 years and 74% of them were dialyzed in the morning trice a week. Findings showed that, with increase of stress, quality of such patients' life decreases. Therefore, the nurses and the other members of medication team should know to reduce the patient's stress using the supportive procedures and adaptation techniques, help improve quality of life by proper intervention method.

Introduction:As the most common postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery, atelectasis is one of the most important and serious early postoperative complications and one of the most important causes of prolonged hospitalization, increased costs, and mortality rise. Therefore, the present study was aimed at specifying the frequency of atelectasis in patients following coronary artery bypass graft and its associated factors in Mazandaran Heart Center in 2013-2014.Materials:The present investigation was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which sequential sampling was used. It was conducted on 375 patients whose coronary artery bypass graft had been performed by the same surgeon and anesthesiologist. For data collection, first the patients’ demographic variables and the information of their surgery were retrieved through their profiles, direct observation, patient inquiry, and the collected data were recorded in the data collection forms. Then, atelectasis was measured before the surgery and on the first and second days after it by taking CXR whose results were checked by two radiologists who were not aware of the previous observations. Data were analyzed through t-test, Pearson test, and Chi-square test using SPSS 16.0.Results:The results of the present study indicated that, 123 out of 375 patients (32.8%) were diagnosed with at least one type of tattletales during the first three days after the surgery. The mean age of the patients who were diagnosed with atelectasis was 62.9 and most of them were female. The results also showed that there was a significant relationship between postoperative frequency of atelectasis and the patients’ pulmonary diseases and underlying diseases like diabetes and hyperlipidemia, smoking and alcohol use before the surgery, and transfusion of 4 units of packed red blood cells during the surgery (p<0.05).Conclusion:Atelectasis is the most common postoperative complication which emerges more in patients with pulmonary and underlying diseases than other patients.

Background and objective Postoperative pressure ulcers are known as the most important quality indicators of intraoperative care that create critical and costly complications during hospital care. Accordingly, this study was performed to determine the risk factor for diabetes in postoperative pressure ulcers. Materials and methods The present study is a systematic review of PubMed, Scopus and the Web of Science databases with using standardized keywords of the performed English language articles between Jan 2010 to Jan 2020. The articles were searched independently by two related researchers to avoid possible biases. Then, all collected articles were reviewed, and articles with inclusion criteria were evaluated using a data collection table. It should be noted that the data were analyzed using STATA software version 11.1. Results Overall, the results showed that 19724 patients were identified from 15 studies conducted in Asia (six), the America (four), Europe (four), and Australia (one) from 1989 to 2019. The results showed that patients with diabetes were more likely to experience surgery-related pressure ulcers than patients without diabetes (The odds ratio of 1.52; the 95% confidence interval: 1.25–1.85). Conclusion In general, patients with diabetes increased the risk of surgery-related pressure ulcers about 1.5 times more than others. Accordingly, the reduction of surgery-induced pressure ulcers should be more extensively considered in patients with diabetes.