Background: Intestinal parasites are one of the most important human infections in many tropical and sub-tropical areas. Objectives:The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and their association with some demographic factors in patients referred to the Ghamar Bani Hashem hospital Khoy, West Azarbaijan province. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2014 to March 2016. Stool samples of 5610 patients referred to the Ghamar Bani Hashem hospital were examined using the formalin-ether concentration and direct smear methods. Determination of intestinal parasites was based on the morphological characteristics of the parasites. The scotch tape method was used for detection of Enterobius vermicularis ova in 133 suspected individuals. Microscopic results were recorded and analyzed.

Microsporidiosisis anopportunistic infection frequently diagnosed in immunocompromised patients. Microsporidiosis causes symptomatic or asymptomatic infections immunocompromised/immunosuppressed patients may experience severe and disseminated microsporidiosis. Fecal samples were taken from 186 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (86) and cancer (100). Microsporidia spp. were detected 27.9% (24/86) and 11.6% (10/86) in HIV + patients, 18% (18/100) and 7% (7/100) of cancer patients using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and trichrome staining respectively. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected in 28(66.7%) patients, while Encephalitozoon intestinalis was detected in 10 (23.8%) patients. Encephalitozoon cuniculi was detected in only one patient, while Encephalitozoon hellem was detected in three patients. Microsporidia was significantly higher in patients with diarrhea than those without diarrhea (P=0.001). CD4 T cells blood count was significantly lower (<200 cells/µl blood) in HIV+ patients with Microsporidia (P=0.001). Also, there was significant difference between contact with animals with positive results of HIV+ and cancer patients (P< 0.005). This study confirmed that PCR technique was more sensitive than trichrome staining for diagnosis. Moreover, intestinal microsporidiosis caused diarrhea in HIV+ and cancer patients. This influenced treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis of microsporidiosis is effective on treatment strategies.

We consider signed graphs, i.e., graphs with positive or negative signs on their edges. The notion of signed strongly regular graph is recently defined by the author (Signed strongly regular graphs, Proceeding of 48th Annual Iranian Mathematical Conference, 2017). We construct some families of signed strongly regular graphs with only two distinct eigenvalues. The construction is based on the well-known method known as star complement technique.

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