In diverse resource, processing and dredging applications wall slip occurs. In hydraulic transport of highly concentrated particulate mixtures, wall slip can be beneficial as it may substantially reduce hydraulic gradients. In other occasions, for instance in rheometry, wall slip may obscure rheology. Rheometric wall slip is not specific to industrial slurries and appears in natural (fluid) mud as well, mostly found in harbours and estuaries. In natural (fluid) muds, in contrary to industrial muds, coarse solids are absent. However, similarly, (clay) colloids govern their non-Newtonian flow characteristics. It is exciting to see that wall slip does not only occur in the case of dispersed coarse materials but also in the absence of those. In this chapter, we elaborate on wall slip in some existing resource industry rheometry data and compare them with typical recent results of fluid mud rheology. Moreover, measurement of a (stationary) fluid mud’s longitudinal profile in a harbour basin is used to examine consequences of utilising slippage data. We finally evaluate measuring element usage and implementation of rheology in calculation methods.
Water Injection Dredging (WID) has been successfully applied for removing sediment deposits in reservoirs, which results in an increase of their storage capacity. This dredging method is based on the fluidization of the top sediment layer by pressurized injection of water by a dredging vessel. The fluidized sediment can be transported towards the dead storage of the reservoir or sluiced out of the reservoir through the bottom outlets of a dam. This flow can either occur by gravity induced flow or especially directed by the dredging strategy of the WID vessel. This dredging technique can increase the water storage capacity of the reservoir and prevent the erosion of the river downstream, hence the sediment blockage. Recent developments in modelling and measuring tools have enabled stakeholders to design, optimize and monitor WID in reservoirs. In this paper, we will demonstrate how modelling and measuring tools can be used to evaluate alternative dredging strategies for reservoir maintenance. In particular, we show how a mid-field and far-field modelling can be applied for designing WID actions and predicting sediment plume dynamics in a given reservoir. Additionally, we will present recently-developed in-situ measuring tools, that are currently used for monitoring turbidity in a water column and sediment properties during and after WID actions. Finally, potential benefit of applying WID in Shihmen Reservoir (Taiwan) is discussed.
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