Aim: The aim of the present study was to synthesize and characterize sol-gel derived bioactive glass scaffold and evaluate the effect of substitution of Zirconium (Zr), Strontium (Sr), and Zinc (Zn) on the their bioactivity, biodegradability and mechanical properties. Materials and Methods: Bioactive glass scaffold samples with compositions 80% SiO 2-15%CaO and 5% P 2 O 5 and 75 % SiO 2-15% CaO-5% P 2 O 5 and 5% MO (in mol%) (M=Sr, Zr or Zn) were synthesized using the sol-gel combined with foam replication method. The scaffolds were characterized by DTA, XRD, SEM and FTIR spectroscopy. Their mechanical properties were measured and their bioactivity/ biodegradability were evaluated in simulating body fluid (SBF). Results: All the scaffolds showed no distinct difference in phase composition, macroporous structure, percent porosity or pore size distribution. Conclusions: Sr, Zr and Zn substitution decreased the mechanical properties of the bioglass system. Sr and Zr ions enhanced the formation of nano-structured hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer, whereas Zn ions diminished the bioactivity. Moreover, Sr ions increased the biodegradability of the bioglass system.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to 1) evaluate clinically and radiographically the carious dentin treated with Ozone, Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (Tooth Mousse) mixed with Glass Ionomer and Glass Ionomer Cement only in primary molars of 4-8 years old children (In vivo study), and 2) Compare the micro hardness of carious dentin treated with Ozone, Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (Tooth Mousse) mixed with Glass Ionomer and Glass Ionomer Cement only in extracted primary molars (In vitro study). Design: Forty five primary molars with proximal caries in children, ranging in their age from 4-8 years old. They were equally divided into three groups (15 each) according to the materials were used for restoration. The first group was restored with glass ionomer cement, the second group was restored with Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) incorporated with glass ionomer cement, and the third group was pretreated with ozonized olive oil then restored with glass ionomer cement. Also this study was carried out on forty five freshly extracted carious primary molars, which divided equally into three groups and restored as mentioned before in clinical cases and examined for microhardness assessment. Results: the greatest value of mean radiodensity was recorded in Tooth Mousse group followed by Glass ionomer group then Ozone group. However there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups. Conclusion: Casein phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (Tooth Mousse) mixed with Glass ionomer cement as well as glass ionomer alone seemed to be successful as a remineralizing agent in primary molars.
This study aimed to establish local drug delivery system based on 3D micro porous architecture implants' surfaces. Twenty two Ti-6%Al-4%V cylindrical root-form implants were divided into two groups according to surface treatment; acid etching and anodization. Firstly, samples' surfaces were characterized by XRD, SEM, AFM and FTIR. Then, each sample was drug loaded by immersion into an antibiotics solution mixture of Ciprofloxacin (CFX) and Metronidazole (Mtz) in concentration of 200 mg/100 mL and 500 mg/100 mL; respectively for 24 hrs. The amount of released drug traced by UV-Spectroscopy was observed up to 28 days. The antimicrobial activity of the antibiotic mixture was estimated on a group of gram +ve and gram-ve bacteria. Drugs released with an initial burst; afterward, an abrupt decrease with a sustained steady release rate up to 28 days. The anodized samples showed faster rate and greater amount of drug release than the acid etched ones owing to greater density, larger size and more uniformly distributed micro-pores. The antimicrobial activity of CFX-Mtz drugs mixture was slightly higher in anodized group. However, acid etched samples showed significantly sustained antimicrobial activity up to 14 days.
Objectives: evaluate malocclusion severity in Egyptian children having cleft lip and/ or palate. Material and Methods: A sample of 100 Egyptian children. Fifty children representing the cleft lip and /or palate (Group I) and another fifty children free from any systemic disease representing the control group (Group II). Both sexes male and female were included with age ranged from (4-15 Years). Each child had subjected to personal data, medical history, assessment of oral health knowledge, attitudes towards dental care, oral health assessment and statistical analysis using SPSS 17. Results: 11 patients (22%) had definite malocclusion, 15 patients (30%) had severe malocclusion, while 14 patients (28%) had very severe maocclusion. On the other hand, 41 (82%) of the patients in the control group had no abnormalities or normal occlusion. Fisher's exact test revealed that the difference between both groups was statistically significant, except in case of definite malocclusion. Conclusion: The children having cleft lip and / or palate had severe malocclusion and they would need comprehensive orthodontic treatment.
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