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To evaluate the mechanism and levels of herbicide resistance in Sinapis arvensis, a series of experiments were performed. Sequencing of ALS gene in S. arvensis sub-populations was carried out and ALS-based resistance (substitution of Asp by Glu) was detected at position 376 in this weed species. Further, it was reported that combined application of herbicide mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron can cause up to 50% reduction in dry weight (GR50) of heterozygous resistant (FHR3), homozygous resistant (FHR2) and homozygous susceptible (MHS1) sub-populations and it was reported 2409, 603 and 289 g ha -1 , respectively. Further, resistance indices (RI) were reported 8.3 and 2 for FHR3 and FHR2 sub-populations, respectively. Based on LD50, RI values were 8.5 and 4.5 for FHR3 and FHR2, respectively. Growth reduction occurred in the resistant homozygous when compared with the heterozygous sub-population in the presence of mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron.

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