Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр профилактической медицины Россия, 101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3 В последнее время все большее внимание привлекает хронотерапевтический подход к лечению артериальной гипертонии (АГ), позволяющий повысить эффективность лечения при нетрадиционном режиме назначения антигипертензивных препаратов. Возрастание интереса к хро-нотерапии АГ связано с получением новых сведений о высокой прогностической значимости ночного АД и степени его ночного снижения. Метод отличается крайней простотой применения, накапливаются данные о его высокой эффективности. В статье подробно разобраны пре-имущества и ограничения двух возможных подходов к хронотерапии АГ. Крупнейшим исследованием, в котором изучалась возможность снижения риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений при нормализации су-точного ритма АД, вызванной назначением антигипертензивных препаратов на ночь, является проект MAPEC. Авторами были получены впе-чатляющие результаты -снижение риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений более чем в два раза в группе хронотерапии. Однако данное исследование имело существенные ограничения: этнически однородная популяция, отсутствие независимой верификации конечных то-чек и информации о нежелательных явлениях, неудобство использования 48-часового мониторирования АД. Имеющаяся в настоящее время научная информация, свидетельствующая в пользу хронотерапии АГ, требует подтверждения в тщательно спланированных, проспективных, многоцентровых исследованиях. По мнению авторов статьи, проиллюстрированному собственными дан-ными, сохраняют свою актуальность и сравнительно небольшие и непродолжительные исследования, позволяющие реализовать некото-рые «тонкие» методические подходы: двойной слепой метод, перекрестный дизайн и сравнение фармакокинетики антигипертензивных препаратов при утреннем и вечернем приеме. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the chronotherapy of arterial hypertension (HT). This method provides an opportunity to improve the treatment efficacy by non-traditional regimes of antihypertensive drug intake. The new findings concerning a high prognostic value of the night-time blood pressure (BP) and night BP fall stimulate the interest in chronotherapy of HT. This method is very easy to use, and the evidences of its high efficacy are growing. The advantages and limitations of two potential chronotherapy approaches are discussed in detail. MAPEC was the largest project which investigated the possibility of cardiovascular complications risk reduction by normalizing the circadian rhythm of BP due to the bed-time administration of antihypertensive drugs. The authors obtained impressive results -more than a double reduction of cardiovascular complications risk in the chronotherapy group. However, the study had serious limitations: ethnically homogeneous population, the lack of independent verification of endpoints and adverse events, and inconvenience of 48-hour BP monitoring. The currently available scientific information concerning advantages of HT chronotherapy needs fur...
Aim. The article deals with establishing the features of ATPase erythrocytes in the athletes of the first and second categories and non-athletes from different age groups. Material and methods. We studied the capillary blood of track-and-field athletes and healthy non-athletes of the same age and anthropometric characteristics (n = 60). Blood analysis was performed with the help of the Dixion hematological analyzer (Russia). The activity of erythrocyte membrane ATPases was studied according to K.S. Keeton. Results. The study revealed significant (p < 0.05) differences in certain (HGB and RBC) hematological blood indicators in participants from different age groups depending on their physical fitness. Age differences between groups are not significant (p > 0.05). The results obtained demonstrate the significantly (p < 0.001) higher values of ATPase activity in the athletes of the first and second categories from various age groups. The increase in Mg2+, Na+, K+-, Mg2+- and Na+, K+-ATPases activity in athletes is connected with more intensive metabolism in this group because transport ATPases participate in the energy supply of training and competition loads. Age-related differences (p < 0.05) in the activity of erythrocyte membrane ATPases in both groups can be possibly connected with the conformation features of erythrocyte membrane protein. The two-factor dispersion analysis revealed that age significantly (Р < 0.001) determined Mg2+, Na+, K+-, Mg2+- and Na+, K+-ATPases erythrocyte membrane activity at 89.15, 87.46, and 81.40 % respectively; physical activity at 96.19, 95.45 and 93.80 % respectively. Conclusion. General physical fitness and age can be considered as the factors determining the activity of erythrocyte membrane ATPases.
They presented the results of qualitative and quantitative indicator study concerning the motor activity of schoolchildren of both sexes, obtained by using individual wearable devices-fitness trackers. It was found that 8.2% of students, regardless of gender and age, are characterized by low values of this indicator; 3.4% demonstrate high values of the indicator relative to the hygiene norm.
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