The given review is devoted to the problem of the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. Modern cytostatics cause clinically significant manifestations of cardiotoxicity - myocardial injuries, reducing both quality and life expectancy of oncological patients. Many of chemotherapeutic agents can cause cardiovascular complications such as the development of the left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure, myocardial ischemia, arterial hypertension, thromboembolism, QT prolongation and arrhythmias. The toxic influence of the most often used chemotherapeutic agents on heart (antimetabolites, alkylating agents, platinum compounds, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, monoclonal antibodies, anthracycline antibiotics, topoisomerase and protein kinase inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents and cytokines) has been described. The results of recent studies on etiology, epidemiology, classification and pathogenesis are presented in the first part of review. Most attention is paid to recent research in pathogenesis of chemotherapy induced cardiotoxicity. Given the numerous aspects of cardiotoxicity are not completely studied yet, obviously the further researches are needed in this field.

This review is devoted to the actual for the present day problem of the hepatotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. Liver is the most important organ essential for the maintaining of the body’s internal environment. For the present time there is observed the high level of the morbidity and mortality rate against the background of drug-induced liver lesions due to, in the first instance, the lack ofproper manner for the substitution of the liver function but transplantation. Liver deteriorations due to the administration of antitumor agents have no pathognomonic clinical or histological features that significantly embarrasses the execution of the differential diagnosis with liver disorders against the background of administration of other preparations, either associated with opportunistic infections or the progression of previously acquired pathology of the liver. In the article there is described the toxic influence on the liver of most often used in oncology chemotherapeutic agents - antimetabolites, alkylating agents, platinum compounds, epothilones, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, monoclonal antibodies, anthracycline antibiotics, topoisomerase and protein kinase inhibitors is described in this article. In the review there are summarized results of recent studies of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of chemotherapy induced hepatotoxicity. The special attention is given to recent discoveries in the area of pathogenesis of chemotherapy induced hepatotoxicity. However many moments remain to be still not studied completely, that offers perspectives for further research in this field.

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