The possibility of using polytitanates as fillers was studied. The conducted tests showed the possibility of controlling the structure formation processes and properties of an epoxy composite by introducing small additions of potassium polytitanates.
Among polymers, fairly wide use is made of thermosetting polymers, for example epoxy resins. Epoxy resins are among the most important types of synthetic resins, which is due to their unusually wide range of properties and the variety of the areas of application of materials based on them. These materials include electrical insulation compounds, various paint and varnish materials and powder paints, and binders for composite materials of the most diverse designations-from fi shing rods and sports goods to structural elements of aircraft and ships. They also include adhesives operating at temperatures ranging from absolute zero to +300°C in air, in water, and in different corrosive media, and also many other materials [1]. In contrast to other thermosetting polymers (polyester, phenol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, and melamine-formaldehyde resins), practically no harmful substances are released from epoxy polymers, and in the cured state they have no smell, which makes them attractive for application in enclosed living spaces for the fi nishing of fl oors, walls, furniture, and so on [2].
The structure and properties of ammonium polyphosphate and sodium silicofluoride used as dispersed fillers for epoxy compositions were studied. The morphology of the fillers was studied separately and in an epoxy composite matrix using scanning electron microscopy with an X-ray energy dispersive analysis detector. Due to the fact that sodium silicofluoride is a by-product in the production of phosphoric acid, its particle size was determined by sieve analysis and particle parameters were statistically calculated, while a comparative analysis of the studied filler with ammonium polyphosphate widely used in the production of composite materials, which at the same time, was performed time was not modified by the surfactant 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The study of morphology and properties is a determining factor describing the size and type of particles, which entails the possibility of controlling technological parameters, such as the dynamic viscosity of the system, resistance to various loads, therefore, it is possible to obtain highly filled composites having high physical and mechanical characteristics. In this regard, the influence of the studied fillers on the properties of polymer composite materials is determined. The mechanisms of interaction of the modifying additive of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with an epoxy oligomer and the effect of sizing on the properties of sodium silicofluoride and ammonium polyphosphate, processes, and the formation of a monolayer heterofunctional surfactant are studied.
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