Purpose of the study: The scientific objective of the study is to study the problem of building trust as the basis of psychological security of a person, to develop a model of “the formation of trusting relationships as the basis of psychological security of a person” and define its components. Research methods: ascertaining and formative experiment, questionnaires, testing, method of content analysis of essays, methods of mathematical statistics, Student's t-test and Wilcoxon's t-test. Methods that determine the characteristics of trust in oneself and in others were used, as well as methods that diagnose the psychological safety of the personality of adolescents. The paper examines the theoretical aspects of psychological security of a person in domestic and foreign psychology; concepts that reflect the role of trust and trusting relationships of a person in social interaction and personality development; the concept of deprivation symptoms and modern studies on the problem of raising children and adolescents in a difficult life situation. Research results. The paper presents the results of a study of the peculiarities of the emotional and personal development of adolescents who find themselves in a difficult life situation, which are manifested in a low level of confidence in themselves and in the world, the severity of aggressive reactions and high anxiety. Based on the results of the empirical study, technologies for the formation of trust and psychological safety of a person have been developed, which are the author's model of "the formation of trusting relationships as the basis of psychological security of a person" and a complex of psychocorrectional measures. As components of the psychological security of a person, the following are distinguished: affective-personal, cognitive, behavioral and value-semantic components. Key findings and their significance. Comparative analysis of the obtained results of the empirical study of the experimental and control groups made it possible to confirm the reliability of the identified components of psychological security and the criteria of trust/distrust in the author's model. An innovative approach is defined, in which confidence in oneself and in the world is highlighted as a significant factor of psychological security of a person for the first time. The introduction of a psychocorrectional program made it possible to optimize trusting relationships among adolescents.
The main objective of the study is to study the characteristics of the formation of trust and self-worthy attitude towards oneself in adolescents brought up in different social conditions. Adolescents who are brought up in a difficult life situation do not have a primary base on which trusting relationships and self-worthy attitude towards themselves can be formed. In our study, a self-worth attitude acts as a basic factor influencing the formation of confidence in oneself and in the world. An empirical study was carried out, in which methods were used that determine the characteristics of trust and self-value attitudes, as well as methods for diagnosing the characteristics of the emotional and personal sphere of deprived adolescents. The article examines the theoretical aspects of the role of trust and self-value attitudes of the individual in social interaction, as well as modern studies of the problem of raising adolescents in a difficult life situation. The presented results of the study of adolescents brought up in different social conditions are confirmed by the methods of mathematical statistics. The data obtained show that adolescents who are brought up in a difficult life situation do not have formed trust and self-worthy attitude towards themselves, which manifests itself in the deprivation of trust and personal deformations: a high level of personal and reactive anxiety; a feeling of insecurity and inferiority, hostility, conflict, difficulties in communication and a low level of self-value attitude towards oneself. The article presents an analysis of the differences between adolescents in difficult life situations and adolescents who are not affected by difficult life conditions. Based on the results of the empirical research, a correctional and developmental program for the formation of trusting relationships and self-valuable attitude towards oneself "I am a value" has been developed with the aim of helping adolescents in difficult life situations. Keywords: trust, self-value attitude, difficult life situation, adolescents, mental deprivation, deprivation of trust.
В статье рассматривается проблема выбора копинг-стратегий у подростков в трудной жизненной ситуации. Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования особенностей совладающего поведения у подростков с разным уровнем психологического благополучия. Выявлено, что у подростков в трудной жизненной ситуации преобладают шкалы «дистанцирование» и «избегание-избегание», что ограничивает у них применение копинг-стратегий и снижает совладание со стрессом. В статье рассматривается проблема выбора копинг-стратегий у подростков в трудной жизненной ситуации. Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования особенностей совладающего поведения у подростков с разным уровнем психологического благополучия. Выявлено, что у подростков в трудной жизненной ситуации преобладают шкалы «дистанцирование» и «избегание-избегание», что ограничивает у них применение копинг-стратегий и снижает совладание со стрессом.
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