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Angular momentum dependences of the parity splitting and electric dipole transitions in the alternating parity bands of heavy nuclei have been analyzed. It is shown that these dependences can be treated in a universal way with a single parameter of critical angular momentum, which characterizes phase transition from octupole vibrations to the stable octupole deformation. Using the simple but useful model of axially-symmetric reflection-asymmetric mode, the analytical expression for the parity splitting and electric dipole transitional moment have been obtained. The results obtained are in a good agreement with the experimental data for various isotopes of Ra, Th, U, and Pu.

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The properties and description of the reflection-asymmetric mode in heavy nuclei are discussed. Two approaches based on the collective octupole degree of freedom and the mass asymmetry mode are presented. Angular momentum dependence of the parity splitting, phase transition in alternating parity rotational band, stabilization of the reflection-asymmetric deformation with angular momentum increase and the rigidity of the reflection-asymmetric deformation are considered.

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