In Soviet industry, sodium sulfide is obtained in shaft furnaces by reducing sodium sulfate with coke in the range 850-1100~ according to the reaction Na2SO 4 + 4C = Na2S + CO 2 --48.5 kcal. The final product (melt at a temperature of 1000-1100~ upon discharge from the tapping hole, contains 65-700/0 * Na2S , 8-11% Na2SO4, and 5-8% Na2CO a.The short life of the chrome--magnesite lining in the shaft furnace in the zone used for reducing the sodium sulfide (not more than 9-10 days) causes a low utilization coefficient to be recorded for these furnaces, as well as significant material and labor outlay for production.Destruction of the chrome--magnesite refractory occurs as a result of the chemical corrosion, the variable action of the reducing and oxidizing atmospheres, and cooling of the first and second courses of the lining in the subtuyere zone with cold air sucked through the tuyeres. The temperature of the melt and gases is relatively low and does not have a decisive effect on the wear of the chrome--magnesite refractory.Previous investigations [1][2][3] showed that the chamotte (4490 A1203), high-alumina (75% A1203), dinas, magnesite, chrome--magnesite and chromite refractories are not stable in molten sodium sulfide. Graphite refractories possess a high resistance only when the melt contains not more than 10-15% sodium sulfate [4]. Note has been made of the resistance of specimens containing 67.5-90% A1203 and also specimens of standard electroeorundum and slag from the aluminothermic production of titanium, but these refractories have not been tested industrially.High-density spinel-containing refractory (open porosity 1-4.59o) was sdccessfully tested in a furnace for burning alkali stocks (combustion temperature 1100~The furnace campaign was 4 months. The refractory was in a good condition after the furnace had been stopped for repairs [5]. However, the wear of the spinelcontaining refractory tested in the form of a panel in the shaft furnace for producing sodium sulfide was 5-7 mm/day (against 11.9-15 ram/day for the other refractories studied), which is inadequate for use in the furnace lining [6]. Thus, of all the bricks tested the most interesting is corundum. * Here and subsequently, parts by weight are indicated.
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