Fodder grain plays a priority role in ensuring high productivity of farm animals and poultry, revealing their genetic potential. Therefore, it is necessary to use the most advanced methods of grain preservation for the most complete preservation of the original feeding power. Such methods in recent years include the technology of sealed storage of raw fodder grain harvested before the complete maturation phase. Various biological and chemical additives are used to improve the preservation results. The use of such additives (due to the specific features of preserved raw materials) is obligatory. The authors conducted comparative tests of certain types of additives for processing raw fodder grains in the whole and flattened forms to determine the effect of different degree of compaction on the effectiveness of their preserving action. They made an experiment,and the quality of fermentation was determined using generally accepted methods. The raw grain isolated from air access is protected from spoilage due to acidification, so the effectiveness of using preservative additives was primarily determined by the effect on this indicator. The whole grain was put into storage with a higher moisture content (35%) than the flattened one (about 25%),which ensured its significantly better acidification regardless of the degree of compaction. A denser grain storage pattern provided better grain acidification regardless of grain moisture. From tested preparations, the flattened grain was better acidified by powdered sulphur at the medium degree of compaction for storage; the whole grain was better acidified by Biosil NN at the maximum degree of compaction. On average the preparations used in the experiment were arranged in the following sequence (as their influence on the degree of grain acidification weakened): powdered sulphur → biopreparations Biosil NN → chemical preservative Promir.
Increasing the efficiency of the livestock industry is largely determined by the quality of the most valuable component of diets - forage grain. The properties of reliable preservation of its quality today possess the technology of preservation of raw fodder grain with chemical and biological preparations. Biopreparations with strains of lactic acid bacteria are the cheapest and most environmentally safe. Among chemical preparations powdered sulphur is cheap and environmentally safe one. The two-component mixture of L. casei + L. lactis had a certain advantage for preserving raw barley grain from three strains of homofermentative lactic acid bacteria: Lactobacillus species (L. species), Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) and Lactococus lactis (L. Lactis). The mixture of L. casei + L. lactis in a ratio of 1:1 and a dose of 1 l/40t was called Biosil NN. When processing grain with a moisture content of about 35 % using Biosil NN, it was optimally acidified with lactic acid, which is dominant in the composition of fermentation products, and had a high energy value. Careful grain ramming enhanced the preservation effect of Biosil NN. A similar effect on the preserved grain was provided by powdered sulphur at a dose of 1 kg/t. The most preserving effect of preparation was at an average degree of compaction of the flattened grain with a moisture content of about 25 %. According to the quality of fermentation of preserved grain the chemical preservative Promir had worse results than those stimulated with Biosil NN and powdered sulfur.
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