Artificial red cells (ARC) are prepared by encapsulating Hb with a polymerizable phospholipid. Their physical stability is very high and long-term preservation is possible in the frozen state. We examined the effect of blood parameters on the hematological and biochemical findings in transfused rats. The oxygen transport capacity of ARC in vivo were also tested by exchange transfusion in beagles. The oxygen binding parameters were almost the same as those of red blood cells (i.e., P50, Hill's coefficient, and oxygen transport efficiency (OTE) were 30 mmHg, 2.5, and 30%, respectively). The blood parameters after transfusion showed no significant changes when compared with the control. The oxygen transport capacity was of the same efficiency as red blood cells.
We have succeeded in synthesizing a new type of totally artificial oxygen carrier which was produced by covering oil droplets (microsphere) with synthetic hemes (LH-M). We studied its oxygen-transporting ability in hemorrhagic dogs. Four beagles weighing about 8 kg were studied. Under controlled ventilation, exchange-transfusion of 30 ml/kg was carried out. Cardiac output, hemoglobin and LH-M concentration in the blood, and blood gas were measured to 5 hours after intravenous injection of LH-M solution. LH-M delivered 15.7 to 22.3 ml/min (11 to 16%) of oxygen to the tissue and 5.5 to 8.2 ml/min (11 to 17%) of oxygen was consumed from LH-M to 5 hours after intravenous injection. Its half-life time in the blood stream was about 12 hours. It was confirmed that LH-M transported oxygen and released it to the tissue in vivo.
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