The cockhafer (Melolontha melolontha L.) is the most widespread and best known bug. It is a polyphagous bug, being harmful both in adulthood and in larva stage. The researches were conducted at Agricultural Research and Development Station (A.R.D.S.) of Secuieni, Neamţ county, Romania, and followed the evolution of adult flight, during 1993 - 2012 with a light trap help. The gatherings and records were made daily from 1 April to 31 October every year, during the observation period. Dividing the observation period into four stages of five years each, it was found that the largest number of specimens, 38059, was collected in the second stage (1998 - 2002), followed by the third stage (2003 - 2007) with 18167 specimens, first stage with 12173 specimens, and the lowest number of 286 specimens was recorded in the fourth stage (2008 - 2012). The adults flight started in all the years in the second or the third decade of April and lasted until the second or the third decade of May, with the exception of 1995 şi 2009 when he finished in the first decade of June. The average duration of the flight was 39 days. The maximum flight curve was reached, in all years of observation, in the third decade of April and first decade of May. The maximum intensity of flight curves was recorded every three years, as follows: 1994, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012. This shows that, in Secuieni conditions, the insect has one generation at 3 years. Highest intensity of flights has been in the years 2000, when the top flight was conducted by 38059 specimens, 2003 with 13912 specimens/flight and 1997 with 10221 specimens/flight.
<p>During 2014-2017, 22 species were identified in the yellow bowl trap type installed in winter rapeseed crops established at A.R.S.D. Secuieni. Of these, 11 species are specific to winter rapeseed crops and 11 species were accidental identified because of the proximity with different agricultural crops (maize. sunflower. grain cereals). The highest abundance was registered by <em>Epicometis hirta</em> Poda species which accounted 914 specimens collected during the analyzed period. The species were integrated into classes of dominance ((D1 - subrecedent species. D2 - recedent species. D3 - subdominant species. D4 - dominant species and D5 - eudominant species). <em>Meligethes aeneus</em> F., <em>Ceuthorrhyncus napi</em> Gyll. and <em>Epicometis hirta</em> Poda. being considered eudominant species belonging to the D5 class. The <em>Ceuthorrhynchus napi </em>Gyll.,<em> Meligethes aeneus </em>F.,<em> Epicomites hirta </em>Poda.,<em> Psylliodes chrysocephala</em> L.,<em> Subcoccinella 24 punctata L., Oulema melanopa </em>L. species were classified in the constancy class - C4 - euconstant species. <em>Meligethes aeneus</em> F., <em>Epicometis hirta </em>Poda<em> </em>and <em>Ceuthorrhynchus napi </em>Gyll. species recorded the highest values for the index of ecological significance (W %) and were classified in the W5 class - characteristic species. The collected entomofauna belongs to five orders:<em> </em><em>Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Lepidoptera,. Diptera </em>and<em> Hymenoptera. </em>The highest number of species (17 species) and the highest number of collected speciemens (3246 specimens) belonged to the <em>Coleoptera</em> order.</p>
In the climatic conditions of the Center of Moldavia (Romania), there are eight sorghum hybrids cultivated for grains (Arsky, Foehn, Albanus, Shamal, Kalatur şi Armorik, Elan and Alimentar) in order to establish their adaptability to the conditions of the area, by taking into account the current problems of agriculture caused by climate change and the need to find a solutions to fight hunger and improve human health. This study focused on two directions, namely: identifying genotypes that achieve the highest productions and establishing food value and the benefits of sorghum grains on human health by analysing the physico chemical composition of the grains, by determining the mineral content of the grain and by determining the composition in amino acids. The grain production had ranged from 8623 kg/ha to 11181 kg/ha. This production had characterized by a protein content between 8.84 % and 12.80 %, in lipid content between 3.39 % and 4.15 %, in raw fibre content between 2.15 % and 3.95 % and the starch content was between 66.70 % and 74.66 %. The analysed mineral content of the sorghum samples has the following values (mg/100g a.s.): phosphorus - 280 - 330; potassium - 520 - 610; calcium - 2.4 - 3.9; magnesium - 260 - 290; iron - 11.6 - 18.9; zinc - 1.94 - 2.42; copper - 0.23 - 0.36; manganese - 1.60 - 1.97. Analysing the amino acid composition of sorghum samples it can be said that the samples contain all the essential amino acids, in concentrations that, some of them, exceed the recommended daily dose (FAO/WHO/UNU): leucine, isoleucine, histidine, valine. Also the analysed sorghum seeds add an important content of methionine, threonine and phenylalanine.
In the conditions of the central area of Moldavia, losses in quantitative and qualitative wheat productions are determinated by pathogen agents which are transmitted by groundside and seed, like Fusarium sp. and Tilletia tritici, but also by some soil pests like the wire worms (Agriotes sp.) and the hunchback bug (Zabrus tenebrioides).The prevention or decreasing of the attacks was achieved in the conditions of the Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) of Secuieni, Neamţ county, Romania, by the chemical treatment of the seed using a range of insectofungicides (Yunta 246 FS, Nuprid Max, Austral Plus Net, Lamardor + Gaucho, Yunta Quatrro, Yunta Succesor, Alios 300 FS). The experienced insectofungicides insured a good plant protection against the attack of Agriotes sp., the plants frequency at the untreated variant was 6.37% and between 0.77% and 1.42% at the treated variants, and against Zabrus tenebrioides species, the frequency of damaged plants at the untreated variant was 1.76%, compared
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