The optimal process conditions for the preparation of activated carbon from bean husk were investigated in this study. Four chemical activating agents; potassium hydroxide (KOH), sulphuric acid (H2SO4), zinc chloride (ZnCl2), and ortho-phosphoric acid (H3PO4) were used to activate the carbon. The influence of these agents on the surface area and porosity of activated carbon was determined. The Iodine numbers of 894.65, 1027.69, 1218.24 and 1256.31mg/g were found for the KOH, H2SO4,ZnCl2 and H3PO4activated carbons respectively. This indicates that the one prepared using ortho-phosphoric acid (H3PO4) produced the best activated carbon. The influence of activation temperature was studied between 500 o C and 900 o C. The effect of activation temperature shows an optimum temperature of 700 o C at the time of 30mins. Further studies revealed that the best impregnation ratio of carbon to ortho-phosphoric acid was 10:5as it gave a maximum iodine number of 1288.926.The results of the characterization show that the values of apparent density, ash content, moisture content and pH of the activated carbon fall within the range recommended by ASTM. This activated carbon is suitable for the treatment of effluent water and gases.

Oil and gas activities across the globe now take place deep offshore. To operate in this harsh environment, there are numerous challenges. These can be in the form of high cost of production, space constraints, operational and technological demands. The co-transportation of oil and gas in same pipeline is one of the operational and technological approaches adopted in the industry to meet the transportation of produced crude. This approach comes with its attendant flow assurance difficulties. Slugging is one of such problems which can constitute operational hitches resulting in production reduction and sometimes eventual plant shutdown. Existing attenuation techniques are limited in various ways. Therefore, seeking a reliable solution to this problem is highly desired.In this study, an experimental study of multiple techniques for slug attenuation was attempted. A passive device-the intermittent slug absorber, topside choking and topside separator were investigated. The results show that a combination of the methods proves to be more effective compared to individual techniques. A significant reduction in riser- base pressure of up to 39% was achieved. This is advantageous and translates to an increase in oil recovery. Thus, the proposed strategy helps to achieve system stability and improved production at a lower cost.