National Family Health Survey. [2] Efficiency of weekly iron supplementation in the control of nutritional anemia has been demonstrated in various research settings of India [3-7] and abroad. [8-11] A study done by Deshmukh et al. found better compliance to Iron folic acid (IFA) tablet consumption in rural areas as compared to urban areas and another study from rural Wardha reported perceived benefits to adolescent girls such as an increase in appetite and reduction in scanty menses, tiredness, and weakness, acted as positive factors for better compliance with weekly iron supplementation. [3,4] The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India has launched the Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation (WIFS) program for school-going adolescent girls and boys and for out-of-school adolescent girls. The Government of Background: Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation (WIFS) program is a newly initiated program in Pondicherry. It was con sidered crucial to explore the compliance and "for and against" forces for it so as to facilitate its future implementation in a community setting. Objectives: To evaluate the recently initiated WIFS program for government school children. Materials and Methods: It was a mixed-methods study design, where quantitative (survey of students) and qualitative (key informant interviews of teacher in charge of WIFS, health assistants, and auxiliary nurse midwife) methods were used. Results: Out of the 345 participants of quantitative survey, there were 110 boys and 235 girls. Majority (85.8%) of the students reported to consume four tablets of Iron folic acid (IFA) in the past 4 weeks. The major reasons for noncompliance reported were absenteeism (55.1%), powdery tablet (22.4%), and side effects (22.5%). Most motivating role in taking IFA tablet regularly was played by the teacher. The percentage of students who correctly reported at least three iron-rich food was 40%. Significantly girls had better knowledge about symptoms of anemia and iron-rich diet than boys. Major positive factors for the program reported by the students and key informants were benefits such as an improved sense of well-being, motivation by parents, teachers, and friends, heath education by the local medical officer and health staff, regular supply of tablets, and demand from private schools for IFA tablets. Major negative factors for the program reported were fear of adverse effects such as nausea, attribution of abdominal pain due to other causes of IFA tablets, and extra workload on teachers. Conclusion: We found a good compliance to IFA tablet consumption. In order to improve the program further, awareness about side effects on IFA tablet consumption and health education about iron-rich diet should be strengthened.
Background and Objectives:There is a paucity of information available on acute respiratory infection (ARI) among school children in India. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and certain risk factors associated with ARI among school children.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among 397 school children age group of 5-14 years in the seven schools of rural Puducherry, India. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and associated risk factors of ARI were collected by interview using pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed by univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis.Results:Overall, 51.1% (203) of the subjects had at least one symptom of ARI in the preceding 2 weeks. The manifestations of ARI included allergic rhinitis (183, 46.1%), dry cough (75, 18.9%), throat pain and fever (54, 13.6%), wheezing (39, 9.8%) and ear discharge (28, 7.1%). About half of the subjects with ARI (52.2%) belonged to 5-9 year age group and females (52.3%). Mother's education, family history of allergic disorder and asthma, absence of smoke outlet in kitchen and windows in sleeping room were found to be significantly associated with ARI in univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that 5-9 years age group (odds ratio [OR] = 1.7), family history of allergic disorder (OR = 9.6) and asthma (OR = 5.2), presence of smoke outlet in kitchen (OR = 0.5), absence of windows in sleeping room (OR = 3.0) were found to have an independent association with the ARI. About 29.6% (60) of the subjects with ARI had accessed health care facility for treatment.Conclusion:ARI among school children is an important health problem. Interventions like provision of smoke outlets and windows in sleeping room may help in reduction of burden of ARI.
AML is represented by aggregation of ≥20% myeloid immature cells in the spongy marrow and most generally raise in the peripheral blood. A cytogenetic finding plays a vital role in the risk management and stratification of AML patients. AML is genetically and functionally a heterogenous malignant disease. In the western world leukemia is one of the most common among all cancers. India ranked 3rd in cancer disease after US and China. Management of AML is challenging specially for medium and low-income countries as it causes a huge economic burden to the patient and family. Molecular prognostic biomarkers will help in redefining the risk stratification more efficiently. Targeted drugs in pre-clinical and clinical trial recorded to have promising outcomes in AML. In this review we summarize the prevalence, incidence, and prognostication of AML.
Introduction: There exists a gap between the existing postgraduate curriculum of imparting teachinglearning methods and their expected role as a trainer in future. We wanted to share the approach of using microteaching and discuss the facilitators' reflection of using teaching-learning methods. Methods: Three final year postgraduates were asked to conduct a half-day workshop for sixteen participants (medical interns and junior postgraduates) on study designs in Epidemiology following the principles of microteaching. The facilitators' reflections were obtained using Pendleton's model. Manual content analysis was done with the qualitative data. Results & Conclusion: Five categories emerged from their reflection namely, pre-planning, physical arrangements, session planning, session delivery, self-reflection and constraints faced. Hence using microteaching as a method to teach postgraduates on how to conduct a workshop was successful in empowering postgraduates with medical education technology and reflective practices.
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