We present an elaborate version of the hadron resonance gas model with the combined treatment of separate chemical freeze-outs for strange and non-strange hadrons and with an additional factor which accounts for the remaining strange particle non-equilibration. Within suggested approach the parameters of two chemical freezeouts are connected by the conservation laws of entropy, baryonic charge, third isospin projection and strangeness. The developed model enables us to perform a high-quality fit of the hadron multiplicity ratios measured at AGS, SPS and RHIC with 2 / ≃ 0.93. A special attention is paid to a successful description of the Strangeness Horn. The well-known problem of selective suppression ofΛ andΞ hyperons is also discussed. The main result is that for all collision energies the factor is about 1 within the error bars, except for the center of mass collision energy 7.6 GeV at which we find about 20% enhancement of strangeness. Also we confirm an existence of strong jumps in pressure, temperature and effective number of degrees of freedom at the stage of strange particle chemical freeze-out, when the center of mass collision energy changes from 4.3 to 4.9 GeV. We argue that these irregularities may signal about the quark-hadron phase transition.

We report the results of comparative studies of ion-pair formation and quenching processes in collisions of Rydberg Li(nl) and Cs(nl) atoms with Ca(4s 2 ), Sr(5s 2 ) and Ba(6s 2 ) atoms possessing small electron affinities. Our consideration includes both the cases of selectively excited Rydberg nl-states with small orbital angular momentum (l n) and nearly circular states with l ∼ n − 1. Calculations of the electron-transfer processes are based on the semiclassical theory of nonadiabatic transitions and exact expression for the Rydberg-covalent-ionic coupling terms. Calculations of nonresonant quenching processes are carried out within the framework of the available theory of inelastic and quasielastic transitions between Rydberg-covalent states. The ion-pair formation and resonant quenching cross sections are shown to be significantly dependent not only on the principal quantum number n but also on the orbital angular momentum l and the binding energy of the alkaline-earth anion. For each system under study we find the regions of n in which either the resonant quenching or the ion-pair formation processes are predominant. The relative role of the resonant and nonresonant mechanisms of depopulation of Rydberg states is investigated.

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