At the construction site of the Charvak dam the flat bottom of the gorge forms the surface of the Khodzhikent terrace situated 38-40 m above the water line of the Chirchik River. The width of this terrace within the gorge varies from 320 to 520 m. It is composed of limestones covered by thin alluvial pebble and conglomerate beds which had to be removed during preparation of the dam foundation.The soils, unsuitable as a dam foundation, were removed by ~KG-4. 6 excavators and hauled away by MAZ-525 dump trucks. However, it was found upon exposing the slope of the gorge that the limestones under the soils are arranged in the form of steps having a considerable height and steep slopes. Therefore, it was impossible to clear away the base with excavators or to use bulldozer and perform, in so doing, a large volume of expensive rock work for laying roads and bypass points on the steep slope of the gorge. It was decided to clean away the rock surface of the slopes of the gorge by hydraulic giants. This method was successfully used for preparing the foundations of the Maikop, Mingechaur, Plyavin'sk dams,and others.Water was supplied by a pump station constructed to supply the giants and intended to compact the rock fill when constructing the dam. The station had two pumps, each with a head of 170 m, discharge of 460 mS/h, and motor power of 274 kW. One of the pumps was operating and the other reserve. The water from the pump station was supplied to the giants through a 500-ram-diameter line. There were three GMN-2fi0 giants, two of which were operating and one, in reserve.The difference in water elevations at the pump station up to the maximum height of washing was 63 m. The water pressure at the outlet of the giant's nozzle was 6-7 arm at its diameter of 76.5 mm. One giant was serviced by one pump, since when one pump was used on two giants,the water pressure at the nozzle outlet was insufficient, and the ground was slowly washed out.To discharge the hydraulic mixture a D-271 bulldozer made a meter-high embankment along the foot of the slopes. This prevented spreading of the hydraulic mixture toward the side opposite the washout and, thanks to the 3% incline of the area, made it possible to transport it along the flume thus formed beyond the limits of the base being prepared for the dam. The lateral grade of the foot of the slopes was about 5%.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.