<span>Malaysia is blessed with high irradiance, making it suitable for solar photovoltaic installation for electricity generation. However, due to the broad wavelength of the solar irradiance, not all wavelength can be converted to electricity due to the limitation of the materials used for the photovoltaic. The infrared radiation absorbed produces heat, and coupled with high surrounding temperature, increases the temperature of the photovoltaic panel thus decreasing it efficiency. This paper presents the study of the effect of attaching pulsating heat pipe at the back of solar panel as a means of passive cooling. Pulsating heat pipe is a recent discovery in the heat pipe industry, introduced in 1996 by Akachi but has not been used for the purpose of cooling solar panels. This study shows the maximum difference between 5 Celsius between the pulsating heat pipe cooled panel and the reference panel without any cooling, resulting in 0.77% increase in electrical output efficiency</span><span>Malaysia is blessed with high irradiance, making it suitable for solar photovoltaic installation for electricity generation. However, due to the broad wavelength of the solar irradiance, not all wavelength can be converted to electricity due to the limitation of the materials used for the photovoltaic. The infrared radiation absorbed produces heat, and coupled with high surrounding temperature, increases the temperature of the photovoltaic panel thus decreasing it efficiency. This paper presents the study of the effect of attaching pulsating heat pipe at the back of solar panel as a means of passive cooling. Pulsating heat pipe is a recent discovery in the heat pipe industry, introduced in 1996 by Akachi but has not been used for the purpose of cooling solar panels. This study shows the maximum difference between 5 Celsius between the pulsating heat pipe cooled panel and the reference panel without any cooling, resulting in 0.77% increase in electrical output efficiency.</span>
Anaerobic digestion is a process where microorganisms degrade organic matter in the absence of oxygen to produce biogas, mainly composed of methane and carbon dioxide. Recent years have seen a strong development of anaerobic digestion units worldwide, especially in USA, Europe and China. Countries like China, Germany, USA, Italy, UK and France are seen leading in the biogas sector in the world due to long establishment, intensive research and government incentives for renewable energy as well as waste management solution option. Asian countries have also shown their interests in the biogas technology. With more proper research and studies on-going, Asia will see the growth of biogas sector in the next few coming years. Even though African countries are in their primary phase to develop this biogas technology and there are still more hurdles to overcome, there have been interests, development and implementation work to apply this technology for its potential renewable energy production as well as its waste management solution.
<span>The efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels is affected by its operating temperature. Having high irradiance produces high electrical output but also heats up the panel and reducing the panels efficiency. This study investigates the effect of cooling solar PV panels using 750g of paraffin wax as phase change material (PCM) applied to the back plate of a solar PV panel. The experiment is done at Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia. The result is reduction of up to 9.5°C, increase of up to 0.947W or 11.82% of electrical power output when compared to the panel without any PCM applied. The panel cooled with PCM also produced 4.69% more energy</span>
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.