M. HAAS et al.: Nuclear Polaritom in the YBssbauer Absorber 283 phys. stat. 801. (b) 149, 283 (1988) Subject classification: 76.80 Inetitule of Phyeics, A d e m y of Sciences of the Eetonian SSR, Tartd) Nuclear Polaritom in the Mossbauer Absorber BY 35. HAAS, V. HIZHSYAXOV, E. REAM, and J. J~G I A transient pulse of theMBssbauer radiation in a thiok resonant absorber in the easo of a significant isomer shift is investigated theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that on transmission the inoident pulse docomposes into 1. a fast pulsean analog of the Sommcrfeld-Brillouin precursive pulse in optics and 2. 8 slow pulse connected with tho motion of a nuclear polariton packet. The group volocity of the polaritons is determined.
The yield of dicentric aberrations for prostate cancer patients correlated closely with the mean bone marrow dose albeit the induction of dicentrics occurred in mature T lymphocytes most of which were probably in transit through the irradiated volumes. Therefore, the observed relationship between dicentrics and mean bone marrow doses are indirect.
An expression for the amplitude of a pulse of synchrotron radiation ͑SR͒ coherently scattered in forward direction by a randomly oriented Mössbauer absorber is derived from the theory of ␥ optics. It is assumed that the hyperfine splittings present in the Mössbauer nuclei can be described in the framework of the spin-Hamiltonian formalism. In the general case of a thick Mössbauer sample, which consists of randomly oriented paramagnetic iron-containing molecules ͑for example, a frozen solution of a 57 Fe protein͒ in an applied magnetic field, the response of this sample on an incident monochromatic and fully polarized SR beam cannot be given analytically because of the integrations involved. The way to evaluate nuclear forward-scattering spectra for this general case numerically is outlined and results of calculations with a corresponding program package called SYNFOS are shown and compared with experimental results obtained by measurements of the high-spin iron ͑II͒ ''picket-fence'' porphyrin ͓Fe͑CH 3 COO͒TP piv P͔ Ϫ in an applied field of 6 T.
Radionuclides naturally occurring in building materials may significantly contribute to the annual doses of the public. As information on the radioactivity of such materials is lacking, the study of building materials used in Estonia was carried out in order to estimate the annual dose to the Estonian population due to natural radionuclides in building materials. During the study 53 samples of commonly used raw materials and building products were collected and measured. The activity concentrations were determined by gamma ray spectrometry. Their mean values were in the ranges 7-747 Bq kg -1 for 40 K, 4.4-69 Bq kg -1 for 226 Ra, and 0.8-86 Bq kg -1 for 232 Th. The activity index I in the 53 different building materials varied from 0.02 to 0.74 and the radium equivalent, from 6 to 239. The average annual dose for the people, caused by the building materials of dwellings, was assessed for most commonly used materials. It was estimated to be in the range from 0.16 mSv to 0.44 mSv.
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