Together with a survey conducted among the population of Vienna on the prevalence of hypertension, the consumption of psychotropic substances was investigated. In cooperation with a polling institute a quota-sample of 1,470 Viennese over 15 were visited in their homes by 50 physicians trained in interview techniques. The quota-sample comprised 1,470 people (0.959(0/00) of the population of 1,531,346 inhabitants) and was representative in terms of age, sex, social status, and area of residence. The overall prevalence of psychoactive drug consumption among the inhibitants of Vienna investigated was found to be 6.8%. The female to male ratio was 3.5 to 1. Furthermore, psychoactive drug use increased with age and was influenced by social status, with the highest consumption rate found among divorced women and widows. Using the Goldberg "General Health Questionnaire", data were collected on the presence of psychopathologic symptoms and the responders' subjective feeling of being under stress was elicited. A significant correlation could be shown between these two factors and the use of psychoactive drugs. The type of drugs most frequently used were tranquilizers (4.96%), followed by antidepressants (0.95%) and hypnotics (0.88%).
A representative cross section of 1,435 persons aged 75 years and over were interviewed. Forty‐four percent were men and 56% were women. The sample comprised 0.094% of the civilian population of Vienna. According to Carrow and Webster (International Journal of Obesity, 9, 747–153) the following grades for obesity, defined by ranges of the Body Mass Index (BMI = kg/m2) were used: grade I 25–29.9 kg/m2, grade II 30–40 kg/m2, grade III >40 kg/m2. Six hundred two (42%) were obese to some degree (BMl ⩾25 kg/m2). There were fewer women than men in the grade I obesity group (29.2% vs. 38.5%), but there were more women than men in the more serious grade II obesity group (9.2% vs. 7.8%). The prevalence of obesity continuously increased with age up to 70 years in women and up to 65 years in men. Obesity was more common in persons with lower levels of education and of lower social class. Being single predicted a low prevalence of obesity. Persons with high blood pressure were more likely to be obese than persons with normal blood pressure, especially when they were younger than 40 years. The rate of psychiatric illness was lower in obese subjects than in normal‐weight and underweight subjects. Finally, the association between alcohol intake and obesity was positive in men and negative in women. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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