A new data‐processing technique is presented which utilizes optimum multichannel digital filtering in conjunction with common subsurface horizontal stacking for the efficient rejection of multiple reflections. The method exploits the differential normal moveout between primary and multiple reflections that results from an increase in average velocity with depth. Triple subsurface coverage is obtained in the field; the common subsurface traces are individually prefiltered with different filters and stacked. The digital filters are designed on the least‐mean‐square‐error criteria to preserve primaries (signal) in the presence of multiples (noise) of predictable normal moveout, and random noise. The method achieves wide‐band separation of primary and multiple energy with only a three‐point stack; it can work effectively with small normal moveout differences eliminating the need for long offsets and the attendant signal degradation due to wide‐angle reflections; it does not require equal multiple moveout on the triplet of traces stacked; and finally the method is not sensitive to small errors in statics or predicted normal moveout. The technique is illustrated in terms of synthetic examples selected to encompass realistic field situations, and the parameter specification necessary for the multichannel filter design.
Marine seismic operations have benefitted by the increased use of computers and sharing of data throughout the functions of marine acquisition. Spurred by the increased demands of threedimensional surveys and the development of marine telemetric digital streamers, these hardware and software advancements have improved quality control standards to maintain optimal data quality at all times.Although much has been written on the advantages of each functional system, this paper gives an overview of the types of computations which are being handled by each processor, and the types of data which are gathered and distributed by the terminals and computers. Also, future advancements can be seen which will further improve the efficiency and accuracy of marine acquisition.Although descriptions of the systems include attributes from many of the available units, this paper is based on the marine operations of Digicon Geophysical Corp.
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