A study on fate and transport of mixed contaminants (Cr, Cd and PFOA- Perfluorooctanoic acid) in soil was studied through incubation experiment. The study was carried over in Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore between February 2022 and April 2022. The experiment includes 10 treatments with 3 replications and studied for 60 days of incubation. The contaminants (Cr, Cd and PFOA) and amendments (Biochar and humic acid) were spiked in known concentration in the unpolluted soil and analytical methods (physical and chemical properties) carried over to know their degradability, mobility, availability in soil. After 60 days of incubation period, the concentration of chromium, cadmium and PFOA was reduced to 31.5 per cent, 27.5 per cent and 30 per cent respectively. This was due to the addition of organic amendments (Biochar and humic acid). These amendments act as a sorbent in accumulating the contaminants within their pore spaces. Hence the concentration of the contaminants reduced in the soil during the incubation period.
Rice husk ash is one of the widely available agricultural wastes in rice producing countries, with potential to replace limestone and also supply some of the nutrients which are beneficial for crop growth. This study was conducted to determine the effective calcium carbonate equivalent (ECCE) of rice husk ash added to an acid soil. The design used in this study was completely randomized block design with 12 treatments and 3 replications. An incubation experiment was carried out in the post graduate laboratory of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during Feb – March 2022.The incubation experiment was conducted for 4 weeks with eight levels of reagent grade CaCO3 (0.0, 0.5,1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0g kg-1 soil) and four levels of rice husk ash equivalent to 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 g CaCO3 kg-1 soil and analysed for pH at weekly interval. Results showed that soil pH increased in all the treatments received CaCO3 or rice husk ash with advancement of incubation period. Application of CaCO3 5.0 g kg-1 soil recorded significantly highest soil pH at all stages of incubation followed by CaCO3 4.0 g kg-1 soil and RHA 48.5 g kg-1 soil which were statistically on par. The TCCE (determined by titration method) and ECCE (determined by incubation with the soil) of rice husk ash used in this experiment were 10.3% and 6.41% respectively. Results of the present study showed that rice husk ash can be used as an amendment for acid soil reclamation.
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