The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of meat in different lines of pigs with consideration of the intramuscular fat level of the longissimus muscle. The research was conducted on 60 pigs from three pig lines, P76, Redone and Galia, (20 gilts in each group), slaughtered at ca. 105 kg live weight. The percentage meat in the carcass and hot carcass weight were estimated. Samples were taken from the longissimus muscle. The pH value after 1, 3 and 24 h post mortem, natural drip loss, cooking yield and parameters of meat colour were measured. Furthermore, fat level and glycolytic potential (GP) of the muscle were determined. Intramuscular fat level was determined chemically, and marbling on the basis of sensory evaluation according to a Japanese photographic standard. The results showed significant differences between lines in slaughter value of carcasses and for pH 3 , pH 24 , GP, colour parameters and marbling of raw meat. The P76 line was characterised as the most meaty line with satisfactory meat quality. The Redone line was characterised by meat with the highest intramuscular fat content and marbling.
Leptin is stated to be an important mediator between obesity and cardiovascular disease. However, whether leptin location in the aorta is dependent on diet and its atherogenic character is still unknown. This study examined the relationship between a high-fat diet with or without cholesterol and the expression of leptin in aortic layers. Forty male rats were fed a high-fat diet with fish or grape seed oil as a dietary fat source, with or without cholesterol, to enhance the atherogenic character of their diet. The experiments lasted for three and six weeks, respectively. Plasma lipid profile, plasma leptin concentration and leptin expression in the endothelium (E), myometrium (M) and adventitia (A) were examined. The length of feeding was a key factor which influenced both the lipid profile and leptin expression in the aorta. Leptin concentration positively correlated with body weight and plasma triglycerides only in the three-week experiment, which suggests that the physiological actions of leptin can be disturbed by prolonged consumption of a high-fat diet. Short-term intake of a high-fat diet with fish oil, increasing high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) level and decreasing total cholesterol (TC)/HDL ratio, enhanced leptin expression in E in comparison to the group fed grape seed oil. However, in the group with the highest diet intake, leptin expression in each layer was lowest. Generally, leptin expression was most common in E; however, an extension of the period of feeding in groups fed a diet with grape seed oil with or without additional cholesterol increased leptin presence in M and A in comparison to the group fed fish oil. Significantly higher values of TC and HDL in the same groups may suggest that leptin changes in the aorta and the atherogenic impact of grape seed oil can be connected when the consumption of a high-fat diet is excessive.
The aim of the study was the analyse of the variability and relationship between plasma leptin and lipids concentration, glycolytic potential, intramuscular fat and meat quality in P76-PenArLan hybrids pigs. The research was carried out on 30 pigs (18 boars and 12 gilts). In blood plasma, taken in vivo, leptin, triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol were measured. Slaughter value of carcass was evaluated by CGM apparatus. On the basis of pH value, meat colour and natural drip loss, meat quality was estimated. Intramuscular fat and glycolytic potential was also determined. Obtained results showed a signifi cant inversely relationship between: a. plasma leptin level and backfat thickness and b. between intramuscular fat and glycolytic potential in muscle. Cluster analysis showed that studied pigs had been divided into three metabolic type groups differed signifi cantly in plasma leptin, triglycerides, total and LDL cholesterol concentration, backfat thickness, glycolytic potential and drip loss.
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