BackgroundAcne and facial post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation are relatively common clinical conditions among adolescents and young adults, and inflict psychosocial injuries on sufferers.ObjectiveTo document the psychosocial and self-esteem implications of acne and facial hyperpigmentation on newly admitted undergraduates.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 undergraduates. Demographics and clinical characteristics were obtained and acne was graded using the US Food and Drug Administration 5-category global system of acne classification. Participants completed the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES), and data were analyzed using SPSS 20.ResultsMean age of acne onset was 16.24 ± 3.32 years. There were 168 (84.0%) cases categorized as almost clear, 24 (12.0%) as mild acne, 4 (2.0%) as moderate acne and 4 (2.0%) as severe acne. Acne with facial hyperpigmentation, compared to acne without hyperpigmentation, was associated with significant level of anxiety in 30 participants (26.5% vs 10.3%, p=0.004) and emotional distress in 40 (35.4% vs 10.3%, p<0.001). Acne severity correlated with total CADI score but not with total RSES score. Quality of life (QoL) was significantly reduced among acne patients with facial hyperpigmentation (1.77±1.62, vs 1.07±1.02, p<0.001) compared to those without hyperpigmentation. Acne and facial hyperpigmentation was associated with social life interference, avoidance of public facilities, poor body image and self-esteem and perception of worse disease. There was no association between gender and QoL but acne was related to a reduction of self-worth. Low self-esteem was present in 1.5%, and severe acne was associated with an occasional feeling of uselessness in the male gender.ConclusionAcne with facial hyperpigmentation induces poorer QoL and self-esteem is impaired only in severe acne. Beyond the medical treatment of acne, dermatologists should routinely assess the QoL and give attention to treatment of facial post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation among people of color.
Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has been linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Works on AGA, cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and MetS are rare among Nigerians. Aim: This study set out to determine the relationship among CVRFs, MetS, and AGA. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done among adults who were 18 years and above in selected communities in Ogbomoso on 260 consenting AGA participants as well as 260 age controls without AGA. They were matched for age and sex using a multistage sampling method. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile samples were collected. MetS was diagnosed using International Diabetes Federation criteria. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Ethical approval was gotten before commencement of the study (LTH/OGB/EC/2017/162). Result: Metabolic syndrome in AGA was higher than in controls (8.08% vs. 7.69%, p = 0.742). AGA was significantly associated with elevated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.008), low High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-c) (p < 0.001), alcohol intake (p < 0.001), dyslipidaemia (p = 0.002), and sedentary lifestyle (p = 0.010). The correlates of AGA severity in male and female gender are age (p < 0.001 and 0.009 respectively), SBP (p = 0.024) and abdominal obesity (p = 0.027) in male gender. Conclusion: AGA in Nigerians is associated with dyslipidaemia, alcohol intake, and sedentary lifestyle. AGA severity is related to age, higher mean SBP, abdominal obesity and low HDL-c in male and age, and Body mass index in females. Nigerians with AGA should be screened for dyslipidaemia and counseled against the use of alcohol and sedentary lifestyle.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vitiligo is a depigmentary dermatosis which currently has no cure but there are different treatment options available to treat affected patients with varying results. The aim of the study was to ascertain the effect of PUVAsol therapy offered to adult patients with vitiligo at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All consecutive adult patients with vitiligo who presented at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals complex, Ile-lfe and gave consent were recruited for the study which was for a period of 6 months. Patients with limited disease were treated with topical PUVAsol and those with extensive disease were treated with oral PUVAsol. The outcome of therapy for the patients was classified into three categories as follows: progressed (P), stable (S) and repigmented (R). The repigmented group was further sub-classified into fair (R1) and good (R2) representing ≤50% and >50% repigmentation of areas affected respectively.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> After 6 months of therapy, most of the patients (92%) had repigmentation of their lesions while the remaining had either stable lesions (6%) or progression of their lesions (2%). Amongst the patients whose lesions got repigmented, 96% of them had repigmentation in less than half of the areas affected by vitiligo which was a fair outcome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> PUVAsol is a treatment modality for vitiligo with some repigmentation of lesions following therapy for 6 months. PUVAsol therapy could be recommended in resource poor settings because of its low cost and availability in most parts of Nigeria.</p>
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