The focus of this empirical study is to investigate the effect of reservoir inflow pattern on hydroelectric power generation in Kainji dam, Niger state, Nigeria. Investigation was conducted using data on reservoir inflow and the amount of power generated for the period of thirty years from Kainji hydropower station. The trends of reservoir inflow for the time frame of study were shown using trend lines. Hypothesis was tested for the relationship between reservoir inflow and the amount of power generated using Pearson correlation coefficient. Analyses on periods with high and low inflow on the amount of power generated was achieved by getting the overall mean of power generated for the time frame of study while comparison was made on the mean monthly power generated and inflow pattern using a trend analysis. The study reveals that the low inflow period in Kainji reservoir is between April and July of each year, with an average inflow of 200m a correlation coefficient of 0.92. It was recommended that the government should encourage the use of other alternative sources of electricity generation in order to meet the growing demand in electricity.
This study was aimed at monitoring, mapping and characterisation of floodplain encroachment patterns on the River Kaduna floodplain in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria,as part of the approach to flood hazard evaluation, flood risk assessment and effective flood and floodplain management. A Topomap of 1967 was used to extract the base built-up layer, while Landsat.TM, 1987, Spot.XS, 1995, Landsat.ETM, 2001 and Quickbird, 2006 were used to generate other built-up layers, which were extracted by digitization and converted to polygon shape files and later used for overlay analysis. A Digital Elevation Map (DEM) of the area was used for delineation of floodplain boundary. ArcGIS sorfware 9.0 operational tools was highly robust and flexible for mapping and analysis of urban growth patterns and characterisation of floodplain encroachment by communities. From the results, it was observed that the highest extents and rates of encroachment are recorded by communities in the proximity of the Central Business District (CBD) such as T/Wada, Ung. Rimi, Barnawa, Doka and the industrial layouts of Kakuri and Kudenda. These areas are the centers of highest socio-economic infrastructure which implies greater flood risk and damage potential in the event of flooding. Results also showed that about 52.83% of the urban segment of the River Kaduna total floodplain area of 48.55km2, has been encroached by built-up. As a result of this pattern of encroachment, strong institutional framework and investment towards effective floodplain management is recommended
ABSTRACT
This paper looked at the change in land use land cover (LULC) of Kano metropolis from 2001 to 2012; projected to 2035 and thereby assessing the response of these different land covers to rainfall event using the Hydrologic Engineering Corps- Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) model. The outcome of the LULC revealed that the built-up areas increased from 19.7% to 34.4% and then to 54.4% in 2001, 2012 and 2035, respectively. The discharge of Jakara basin indicated a rise from 2001, 2012 to 2035 in the order of 443, 585.2 to 609.7 cm3/sec respectively. However, that of Chalawa shows increase between 2001 and 2012 and a decrease in 2035 as a result of canalization within the basin. The paper recommended adherence to the city masterplan and construction of canals within each sub-drainage basin for proper conveyance of run-off discharge.
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