Введение. В статье рассматриваются вопросы использования отходов нерудного производства в составе тяжелых бетонов. Материалы и методы. В исследованиях используется совокупность стандартных методов. Результаты. Изучены физические, химические и гранулометрические характеристики отсевов из карьеров Свердловской и Челябинской областей. Разработаны составы эффективных тяжелых бетонов классов В22, 5-В40 с применением отсевов дробления щебня и добавок MC-Power Flow и Centrament Air 202. Исследованы структурные свойства и строительно-технические характеристики бетонных смесей и тяжелых бетонов с применением отсевов горных пород. Установлено, что введение добавки MC-Power Flow в бетонную смесь в количестве от 0,4 до 0,8% (от массы цемента) позволяет снизить жесткость смеси с 26 до 5 сек и способствует созданию плотной контактной зоны у поверхности заполнителя. Определено влияние комплексной добавки на поровые параметры тяжелого бетона и на морозостойкость образцов с применением отсева от горных пород в качестве мелкого заполнителя. Получены образцы тяжелого бетона марки по морозостойкости F300. Обсуждения и заключения. Выполнена оценка экономической эффективности применения отсевов от дробления горных пород в составе тяжелых бетонов и проведена опытно-промышленная апробация на предприятии ЖБИ Тюменской области.
The article is devoted to the study of long-term storage of silicate brick in stationary water conditions on its strength and phase composition. The relevance of these studies is due to the fact that there are a lot of opinions that silicate materials have low water resistance which significantly limits their application range and reduces their popularity among builders. It has been found that after nine years storage in water and followed drying the silicate brick’s strength is practically equal to the initial strength. The data on the phase composition of newgrowths in silicate brick newly made in different production periods and the phase composition of silicate hydrates of bricks water conditioned are presented in the article. Comparison of the X-ray and differential thermal analyzes results of silicate bricks samples after 9 years of water conditioning and samples of newly made silicate bricks showed that highly basic calcium silicate hydrates predominate in a newly made sample, and in a 9-year-old sample silicate hydrates are mainly represented by tobermorite, while the total content of the СSH phase is the same. The content of calcium hydroxide in a newly made sample is higher but this may be due to the completeness of Ca(OH)2 binding in a particular sample but not to its leaching. The fact that leaching of Ca(OH)2 from silicate brick in still water does not occur also can be proved because the water of brick samples storage does not turn pink when phenolphthalein is added. These results allow us to conclude that long-term storage of silicate products in still water does not have any effect on the deterioration of silicate bricks.
Introduction. the article deals with the issues of the use of technological waste generated during rocks crushing.Materials and Methods. In the research the rock crushing screenings from the Rezhevsky crushed rock plant and dolomite screenings from the Satkinsky crushed rock plant were used. The data on the physical-mechanical properties of crushing waste is presented, as well as a study of dusty rock cuttings made with a Fritsch Analysette 22 laser particle size analyser. The structure of concrete was analyzed by JEOL JSM-6510 electron microscope.Results. The studying results of heavy weight cement concretes of classes B22.5 - B40 with crushed stone are presented in the article. To control the properties of concrete an MC-PowerFlow 3100 hyperplasticizer additive and an air-entraining additive Centrament Air 202 were used. The phase composition of the contact zone between the cement stone and the aggregate - granite screening has been investigated.Conclusion. compositions of heavy concrete have been developed with the use of crushed stone screenings and chemical additives to regulate concrete properties. A pilot batch of reinforced concrete products was produced at the Rotor reinforced concrete plant in Vinzili, Tyumen Region.
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