In the TNM classification, there was no significant difference between colon and rectal cancer except pT1 with rectal cancer. In the lower rectal cancer within 6 cm from the anal verge or beyond pT3, there is a high risk of lateral metastasis, and lateral lymph node dissection or radiation therapy should be performed.

This paper describes the use of an on-duty safety nurse, a surgical safety manual and a checklist as an essential precursor to evaluating how these approaches affect surgical quality, communication in surgery crews and contribute to the safety of surgical care in the intra-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suite.

Complete removal of colorectal cancer recurrences by SLO, on the basis of postoperative, follow-up CEA and imaging technique findings, results in improved survival.

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