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The shaping process of surface texture is complicated and depends on many factors and phenomena accompanying them. This article presents the author’s test stand for the measurement of relative displacements in a tool–workpiece system during longitudinal turning. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of edge radius on the relative displacement between the tool and workpiece. The cutting process was carried out with inserts with different edge radii for X37CrMoV5-1 steel. As a result of the research, vibration charts of the tool–workpiece system were obtained. In the range of feed 0.03–0.18 mm/rev, the values of the standard deviation of relative displacements in the x-axis were obtained in the range of 0.36–0.78 μm for the insert with an edge radius of rn = 48.8 μm. As a result of the work, it was determined that for the feed value of 0.12 mm/rev for all inserts, the relative displacements are the smallest. As the final effect, the formula for forecasting the Ra roughness parameter was presented.

Przedstawiono wyniki badań zastosowania obróbki oscylacyjnej podczas frezowania walcowego powierzchni płaskich. Przeanalizowano wpływ sposobu prowadzenia obróbki oscylacyjnej na wybrane parametry chropowatości powierzchni. SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: frezowanie, chropowatość powierzchni, obróbka oscylacyjnaDescribed are results of the application processing oscillatory milling of the flat surfaces The analysis has been subjected to influence the conduct of processing oscillatory on selected parameters of surface roughness. KEYWORDS: milling, surface roughness, oscillatory machining.Jednym z istotnych czynników mających wpływ na kształtowanie struktury geometrycznej powierzchni jest sposób prowadzenia obróbki [1÷3]. Dokładność ruchów realizowanych w czasie procesu technologicznego przez maszynę odzwierciedla kształt wykonanego przedmiotu [1,4], zwłaszcza jego powierzchni cylindrycznych [5÷7]. W przypadku obróbki tokarskiej sposób przemieszczania się narzędzia względem przedmiotu obrabianego jest jednoznaczny, co wynika bezpośrednio z kinematyki prowadzenia procesu obróbki; natomiast wykończeniowa obróbka frezarska [8] umożliwia kilka sposobów prowadzenia narzędzia względem przedmiotu obrabianego. Jednym z nich jest frezowanie oscylacyjne. Do głównych zalet tego typu obróbki zalicza się możliwość wykorzystania całej krawędzi skrawającej podczas realizacji obróbki, co wydłuża trwałość narzędzi. W pracy przedstawiono wpływ sposobu prowadzenia procesu obróbki oscylacyjnej na chropowatość wytworzonych powierzchni. Metodyka badańBadania polegały na wykończeniowym frezowaniu walcowym zewnętrznej powierzchni próbek w kształcie prostopadłościanu wykonanych ze stopu PA6. Proces obróbki skrawaniem był realizowany z zalewowym podawaniem cieczy chłodząco-smarującej na centrum frezarskim Hermle B300. Jako narzędzie użyto frez walcowo--czołowy firmy Sandvik Coromant o średnicy ⌀10 mm. Wyniki pomiarów struktury geometrycznej powierzchni 3D części zestawiono w tabl. I. Na ich podstawie stwierdzono, że sposób prowadzenia obróbki ma wpływ na chropowatość wytworzonej powierzchni. Najmniejszą średnią arytmetyczną wysokości powierzchni Sa zaobserwowano dla strategii nr 1 -wyniosła ona 0,749 µm. Dla pozostałych strategii wartość zmierzonego parametru Sa miała większe wartości, maksimum Sa = 1,82 µm osiągnęła dla strategii nr 5. Przyczyną tego jest zmiana kierunku przemieszczania się narzędzia w osi Z.

This article discusses the relationship between the kinematic system used in drilling and the quality of through-holes. The drilling was done on a CTX Alpha 500 universal turning center using a TiAlN-coated 6.0 mm drill bit with internal cooling, mounted in a driven tool holder. The holes were cut in cylindrical 42CrMo4 + QT steel samples measuring 30 mm in diameter and 30 mm in length. Three types of hole-drilling kinematic systems were considered. The first consisted of a fixed workpiece and a tool performing rotary (primary) and linear motions. In the second system, the workpiece rotated (primary motion) while the tool moved linearly. In the third system, the workpiece and the tool rotated in opposite directions; the tool also moved linearly. The analysis was carried out for four output parameters characterizing the hole quality (i.e., cylindricity, straightness, roundness, and diameter errors). The experiment was designed using the Taguchi approach (orthogonal array). ANOVA multi-factor statistical analysis was used to determine the influence of the input parameters (cutting speed, feed per revolution and type of kinematic system) on the geometrical and dimensional errors of the hole. From the analysis, it is evident that the kinematic system had a significant effect on the hole roundness error.

Abstract. This thesis presents the outcome of experimental research of the impact of changes in cutting speed and volume of material processed during a face milling process on the temperature of the processed object made of copper of M1Ez4 class. Measurement of the temperature of the processed object was conducted in six points with K-type thermocouples. The theoretical amount of released heat per unit of time for particular parameters of machining was also calculated.

The technology of producing threads, especially in materials that are difficult to cut, is a rare subject of research and scientific publications. The requirements for the production of these elements apply not only to the geometry, but also to the quality of the surface obtained. This is particularly important in the aviation industry, where the durability of the threaded connection affects passenger safety. Due to the design of the thread, the quality of its surface is assessed visually in industrial practice. The authors of this study decided to examine the surface topography of external threads made by turning on Inconel 718 shafts in order to confirm the visual evaluation, as well as to investigate the influence of such factors as cutting speed, turning direction and type of profile. Three types of contours were cut for the research: triangular, trapezoidal symmetrical and trapezoidal asymmetrical. Turning of each was carried out twice at cutting speeds vc = 17 m/min and vc = 30 m/min. On each of the threads, the side surface of the profile made in the direction of the insert feed and the opposite surface were examined. The surface texture parameters Sa, Sq, Sp, Sv, Sz, Ssk and Sku were determined and compared. It was noticed that the thread surfaces show a tendency to irregular roughness, which was confirmed by the analysis of the Sku and Ssk coefficients. The sides of the contours made in the direction of the insert feed are characterized by a higher roughness in relation to the opposite sides, which may result from high cutting forces and difficulties with chip evacuation. With the cutting speed being considered, lower values of Sa and Sq were obtained for vc = 17 m/min, which differed from the visual assessment, proving its high subjectivity.

StreszczeniePrzedstawiono dotychczasowe stanowiska badawcze służące do pomiaru przemieszczeń narzędzia i przedmiotu obrabianego w trakcie procesu toczenia. Omówiono główne wady tych stanowisk i zaprezentowano autorskie stanowisko do pomiarów przemieszczeń względnych w układzie "narzędzie -przedmiot obrabiany" podczas toczenia. Słowa kluczowe: toczenie, przemieszczenia względne DEVELOPMENT OF A MEASUREMENT METHOD OF RELATIVE DISPLACEMENTS OF THE TOOL AND THE WORKPIECE DURING TURNING AbstractThe hitherto existing test rigs for measurement of displacements of the tool and the workpiece in the process of turning have been presented. The main disadvantages of these rigs were discussed and an original test rig for measurement of relative displacements in the "tool -workpiece" system during turning was presented.