The differential diagnosis of the acutely enlarged testis includes numerous benign and malignant disease processes. Most are treated with radical orchiectomy due to difficulty in differentiating between these disorders preoperatively. Saving the involved testis, prevention of recurrent infectious disease in the opposite testis and prevention of systemic manifestations of testicular disease are but a few of the reasons for accurate diagnosis of the acute scrotum. We report a rare case of brucellosis presenting as an acute scrotal mass and stress the importance of accurately identifying the specific etiology of testicular pathology to prevent long-term morbidity.
We retrospectively examined our experience with live-related donor kidney transplants in 66 children during the 7-year period 1984-1990. We compared the clinical courses of 26 children who did not receive any dialytic therapy prior to transplantation with 40 children who were dialyzed (27 via peritoneal dialysis and 13 via hemodialysis). We did not find any statistically significant differences in patient or graft survival between these three groups with a follow-up period of 6-87 months. Based on our results, we conclude that pre-emptive transplantation is an acceptable treatment for children who will inevitably require renal replacement therapy.
ESWL is effective treatment for nephrolithiasis in small infants. Short-term safety has been established but continued long-term functional followup is essential. Multifactorial etiologies of nephrolithiasis must be identified and modified promptly in the care of preterm infants.
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