NiMn-based Heusler alloy-based solid-state refrigeration technology has received great attention in the field of magnetic refrigeration due to their low energy consumption, environmental friendliness, high magnetization difference (ΔM), low thermal hysteresis (ΔT hys ) across the magneto-structural transformation, and giant magnetocaloric properties at the low magnetic field. We report the promising rare-earth-free magnetic refrigerant material of Ni 45 Co 5 Mn 37 In 12 Si 1 prepared by arc melting followed by heattreatment with an inverse magnetocaloric effect and notable inverse ΔS M of 8.6 J kg −1 K −1 around 241 K. Moreover, the large refrigeration capacity (RC) of 462 J kg −1 with a wide operating temperature of ∼53.8 K is obtained for sample thus annealed for 10 h, which is relatively comparable with rare-earth-based high-performance Gd 5 Si 2 Ge 2 materials.
By using Ab initio approach, we have analysed Silicene-, Germaneneand Graphene-based molecular single-electron transistors. It is based on non-equilibrium greens function (NGEF) and density functional theory (DFT). Three different fullerene molecules are taken and optimization is done. In Coulomb blockade regime, silicene, germanene and graphene are kept above gate dielectric between drain and source for weak coupling. We have taken gold electrodes for SET environment. Gold is widely used as metal electrode in nanoscale devices. We have calculated the HOMO and LUMO values and total energy versus gate voltage. Charge stability diagrams are obtained by calculating charging energy as function of external gate potential. By these calculations, the analysis of three different molecular single-electron transistors is done. The total energies of these molecules are highly negative (very low) compared to other molecules.
This study presents the design, development, and optimization of multifunctional Doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded Indocyanine Green (ICG) proniosomal gel-derived niosomes, using Design of Experiments (23 factorial model). Herein, the multifunctional proniosomal gel was prepared using the coacervation phase separation technique, which on hydration forms niosomes. The effect of formulation variables on various responses including Zeta potential, Vesicle size, entrapment efficiency of Dox, entrapment efficiency of ICG, Invitro drug release at 72nd hour, and NIR hyperthermia temperature were studied using statistical models. On the basis of the high desirability factor, optimized formulation variables were identified and validated with the experimental results. Further, the chemical nature, vesicle morphology, surface charge, and vesicle size of optimized proniosomal gel-derived niosomes were evaluated. In addition, the effect of free ICG and bound ICG on NIR hyperthermia efficiency has been investigated to demonstrate the heating rate and stability of ICG in the aqueous environment and increased temperature conditions. The drug release and kinetic studies revealed a controlled biphasic release profile with complex mechanisms of drug transport for optimized proniosomal gel-derived niosomes. The potential cytotoxic effect of the optimised formulation was also demonstrated invitro using HeLa cell lines.
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