> 4.0 ng/mL. Tumour aggressiveness was assessed according to serum PSA level, biopsy Gleason score and clinical stage in the subset of 216 patients with cancer (45.2%). We also compared prostate cancer risk and tumour aggressiveness in 80 hypogonadal patients (16.7%) and 398 eugonadal patients (83.3%). RESULTSThe median total serum testosterone level in patients without and with prostate cancer was 466.0 and 466.5 ng/dL, respectively ( P > 0.05); the median levels of free serum testosterone were 9.9 and 10.0 pg/mL, respectively ( P > 0.05). The cancer detection rate in hypogonadal patients was 41.3% (33/80) and 46.0% in eugonadal patients (183/398) ( P > 0.05). The median level of total testosterone was 433 ng/dL in patients with low-risk prostate cancer, 467 ng/dL in those with intermediate-risk tumours and 468 ng/dL in those with high-risk tumours ( P > 0.05); the median levels of free testosterone were 9.4, 9.8 and 10.3 pg/mL, respectively ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONSProstate cancer risk and tumour aggressiveness are not related to serum levels of total and free testosterone, but hypogonadal patients do not have a greater risk of prostate cancer and tumour aggressiveness.

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ultrasonography-guided biopsy using a 10-core scheme, with an additional 1-8 cores according to prostate volume and patient age. The sT level was determined before the procedure using a chemiluminescent assay, and the ratio of sT to PSA (sT/PSA) was calculated after transforming sT measurements from ng/dL to ng/mL. The percentage free PSA (%fPSA) and PSA density were also included in this analysis. RESULTSThe overall cancer detection rate was 42.1%. The median sT level was 469 ng/dL in men with cancer and 499 ng/dL in those without ( P = 0.521). The median sT/PSA was 0.68 and 0.74, respectively ( P = 0.215). However, the median %fPSA was 14 in men with cancer and 17 in men without ( P < 0.001) and the median PSA density was 0.22 and 0.16, respectively ( P < 0.001). The multivariate analysis confirmed the independent predictive value only for %fPSA (odds ratio 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.91-0.98) and PSA density (5.8, 3.42-19.8). CONCLUSIONThese results do not support the use of sT/ PSA for predicting the risk of prostate cancer and to increase the specificity of PSA.

The new generation of hip approaches have a strong anatomical basis, hip capsule preservation is a revolutionary concept, it ensures anatomical restoration, length and offset near to native joint. The Superpath® potentially minimises morbidity, reducing transfusion rates, allowing rapid recovery, shortening hospital stay and could save a significant cost to the healthcare system.

The objectives of this study were to report on the antimicrobial susceptibility of 141 clinically significant anaerobic bacteria isolated from bloodstream infections between January 2016 and April 2020 in a tertiary-care hospital in Granada (Spain) and to describe the main clinical features of the patients. Species identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker Daltonics, Billerica, MA, USA). Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed against penicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, imipenem, moxifloxacin, clindamycin, metronidazole, and piperacillin-tazobactam using the gradient diffusion technique and EUCAST breakpoints, except for moxifloxacin (CLSI breakpoints). The most frequent anaerobes were Bacteroides (43.9%, n = 62), Clostridium (24.1%, n = 34) and Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPACs) (15.6%, n = 22). Almost all tested anaerobes were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, except for Bacteroides. High overall resistance rates to clindamycin were observed, especially for Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPACs) (54.5%) and for Bacteroides spp. (45.1%). Overall, low resistance rates to almost all antibiotics were observed for Clostridium. High resistance rates to penicillin were also observed for Gram-positive anaerobic bacilli (GPABs) (44.4%), as well as to metronidazole (22.2%), although only nine isolates were included. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for anaerobes should always be performed in severe infections, such as those localized in the bloodstream. The information obtained contributes to selecting empirical treatments according with local data on resistance.

In THA with the stem and cup HA-coated, the use of acetabular screws is associated with a lower rate of revision surgery.

This description shows the histological findings of a peroneus brevis tendon allograft used for labral reconstruction, implanted 8 weeks before being retrieved due to a postoperative complication unrelated to the graft. As far as we have knowledge this is the first description about revascularization of an allograft used for hip labral reconstruction. The histological report of the removed peroneus brevis tendon allograft shows evidence of vascular ingrowth represented by small vessels with a thin muscular wall in all layers of the graft and cellular migration mainly represented by mature fibroblasts.