Recently, two following demographic trends have been clearly observed in the world: population aging and an increase in the prevalence of obesity. In February 2022, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) published the first consensus guidelines for the definition and diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity, which characterizes by a combination of excess adipose tissue with a decrease in muscle mass, muscle strength and impaired muscle function. The purpose of this review is to describe the prevalence, the main etiopathogenetic factors of sarcopenic obesity, as well as currently accepted approaches to the diagnosis of this condition.
Glomerulonephritis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) is one of the causes of renal parenchymal disease, which can lead to secondary hypertension (HTN). Clinical course of HTN in this case is usually mild, however, high blood pressure can become the only reason to refer to a primary care physician. We report a case of a 45-year old woman with renal parenchymal disease due to ANCA-glomerulonephritis and secondary HTN. HTN was the only clinical manifestation of the disease led to the hospital admission. With this clinical case we emphasize that primary care physicians should always attempt to identify secondary causes of HTN.
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