The current experiments were carried out to evaluate some sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes through study genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, and genetic advance as percent of mean, correlation coefficient and cluster analysis. In this context, a total of 11 sunflower genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design with four replications at experimental filed of Oilseeds Section during the growing two season, 2018 and 2019at Sakha Agric. Res. Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Governorate, the mean squares were significantly differed (P≤0.01) for all the studied traits among the tested genotypes, these genotypes might be useful in sunflower breeding programme. The genotype G4 gave higher seed yield plant -1 and seed yield fed -1 . The correlation values depicted that traits, such as, days to50% flowering, stem diameter, head diameter, plant height, established positive and significant correlations with seed yield plant -1 , head diameter also established positive and significant correlations with plant height and yield fed -1 The values of Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were marginally higher than Genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). This indicates that the large amount of variation was contributed by genetic component and least by environment. Demonstrating that genotypes having higher extent of these traits may be preferred in selection for evolving high yielding sunflower genotypes. High heritability broad sense estimates were obtained for all the characters studied. High heritability (>60%) and high genetic advance (>10) were shown by Seed yield fed -1 and seed yield plant -1 , High heritability and moderate genetic advance were exhibited by oil %, Head diameter showed high heritability but low genetic advance. The highly heritable character with high or moderate genetic advance could be further improved with individual plant selection. Characters with high heritability and low genetic advance indicated little scope for further improvement through individual plant selection. Cluster analysis proved to be better tools for assessing genetic diversity and precise associations among genotypes. The selection of genotypes from different clusters and components having more than one positive trait may lead to improvement in seed yield and oil contents in sunflower. Cluster analysis classified the sunflower varieties into three groups based on agronomic traits and seed yield. The largest number of genotypes were included in cluster I (6 genotypes) and II (4 genotypes) followed by cluster III, the genotype 4, which has the highest value for seed yield, was separate.
A field experiment was performed at the Arb El-Awamer Research Station, Assuit Governorate, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt during the two consecutive summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 to achieve the highest yield and good oil quality of nine tested sunflower genotypes. In both seasons, the experiment was conducted using the split plot design in randomized complete block design with three replicates arrangement keeping irrigation system (sprinkler and drip) in the main plots, and sunflower genotypes (L990, L770, L465, L125, L460, L880, L120, Giza 102 and Sakha 53) in the sub plots. Yield and quality traits were significantly influenced by irrigation system and genotypes as well as their interactions in both seasons and their combined analysis. The drip irrigation system seems to be a good compromise between the highest seed yield /fedden and good fatty acid composition of oil. Line 120 was ranked in the first order in head diameter, 100-seed weight, seed weight /plant, flowered late and hence seed yield /fedden, as well as seed oil content, whereas, Sakha 53 characterized with it contained the highest proportion of unsaturated fatty acids. The highest values of head diameter, 100-seed weight, seed weight /plant and hence seed yield /fedden as well as the highest proportion of unsaturated fatty acids composition were obtained by grown sunflower L120 at drip irrigation system.
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