Workflow management applications require advanced transaction management that is not offered by traditional database systems. For this reason, a number of extended transaction models has been proposed in thepast. None of these models seems completely adequate, though, because workflow management requires different transactional semantics on different process levels. In the WIDE ESPRIT project, a two-layer transaction management approach has been adopted to cope with this problem. The approach consists of a transaction model built from an orthogonal combination of two existing models and a transaction management architecture with two independent transaction managers. This architecture is integrated into the next generation of the commercial FORO distributed workflow management systen~
Workflow management systems require advanced transaction support to cope with their inherently long-running processes. The recent trend to distribute workflow executions requires an even more advanced transaction support system that is able to handle distribution. This paper presents a model as well as an architecture to provide distributed advanced transaction support. Characteristic of the transaction support system is the ability to deal with arbitrary distribution of business processes over multiple workflow management systems and the support for flexible rollbacks. The modularity of the architecture and the orthogonality with respect to the workflow management system allows the transaction system to be applied in other application areas as well. The high scalability of the architecture allows an arbitrary combination of transaction support systems and workflow management systems of which the locations are irrelevant. In the WIDE project, the developed technology is applied to the commercial FORO workflow management system.
Many applications dealing with complex processes require database support for nested transactions. Current commercial database systems lack this kind of support, offering flat, non-nested transactions only. This paper presents a three-layer architecture for implementing nested transaction support on a commercial multi-database environment. The architecture is directed at high portability and flexibility. The modular approach and the simple, event driven interfaces between the layers of the architecture enable the nested transaction support to be adapted to various applications, nested transaction models and database management systems. The architecture has been implemented to support a prototype of a commercial next-generation workflow management system.
In this paper, we present an approach to global transaction management in workflow environments. The transaction mechanism is based on the well-known notion of sagas, but extended to deal with arbitrary process structures including cycles and savepoints that allow partial compensation. We present a formal specification of the transaction model and transaction management mechanisms in set and graph theory, providing clear, unambiguous transaction semantics. The specification is straightforwardly mapped to a modular architecture, the implementation of which is applied in the prototype of a commercial workflow management system. The looselycoupled nature of the resulting system allows easy distribution using middleware technology.
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