The experimental field work was conducted at Gemmeiza and Sakha Agricultural Research Stations, (ARC), Egypt, in 2017Egypt, in /18, 2018Egypt, in /19 and 2019 seasons to study the genetic behavior of grain yield and yellow rust resistance in three bread wheat crosses. The Genetic materials included (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) of Gemmeiza 11× Giza168 (cross 1), Sids12 × Shandaweel1 (cross 2) and Gemmeiza 12 × Shandaweel 1 (cross 3). Significant differences were observed among most genotypes for measured traits. Additive gene effects were negative and highly significant in the first and the third crosses for No. days to maturity and grain yield plant -1 and in the second cross for No. spikes plant -1 . However, it was positive and highly significant in the second cross for 100-kernel weight, yellow rust resistance and grain yield plant -1 . Narrow sense heritability was ranged from moderate to high values for plant height, yellow rust resistance and No. kernels spike -1 in all studied crosses. These results could be employed to improve both yield and rust resistance in Egyptian wheat breeding program.
Twenty-five local and exotic wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) had evaluated to establish genetic variability, correlation coefficient, parameters, the interrelationships, direct and indirect effect and stepwise regression of various wheat components on grain yield. The study was conducted on the Experimental Farm of Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station, Egypt during two seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020). Mean square analysis for the studied characters showed highly significant differences between most of the studied characters except, no. of spikes/m 2 in the second season. According to the results of mean performance, it may be noted that the studied genotypes out yielded grain yield /plot of the overall of the two years. The results of genetic parameters indicated that, both of phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation reflected high values, which estimated for three characters; Grain yield /plot followed by grain filling rate and spike weight, respectively. Broad sense heritability cleared that there was graduation for all of studied characters, which values ranged from 50.57 for no. grains/ spike to 93.06 for days to maturity. Three characters; days to heading, days to maturity and plant height gave a small significant values with grain yield character as well as no. spikes/m 2 for phenotypic correlation. Meanwhile, the remain studied characters may showed highly significant values for both of phenotypic and genotypic correlations and could be considered as a good criteria for selection to improve the performance of grain yield. The results for path coefficient illustrate that, the most important sources of variation in grain yield are the direct effect of spike weight followed by 1000-kernel weight. As for a positive indirect path coefficient; seven positive indirect path coefficients were found as follow: grain filling rate had the highest indirect effect, an appreciable indirect effect via spike weight followed by the relationship between grain filling rate via no. spike/m 2 , grain filling rate via no. spikes/m 2 , grain filling period via spike weight, spike weight via no. spike/m2, grain filling period via no. spikes/m 2 and grain filling period via no. spike/m 2 . On contrary, two negative indirect path coefficients appeared among 1000-kernel weight via spike weight and 1000-kernel weight via no. spike/m 2 . Stepwise regression analysis showed that, grain filling period, grain filling rate and plant height as important traits affecting grain yield in wheat
A diallel cross set was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station, Agriculture Research Center, (ARC), Egypt, during the two winter seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 to assess the variations among six wheat genotypes and their new combinations to estimate heterosis, general and specific combining abilities to determine suitable measurements for drought tolerance in wheat genotypes. Genotypes and the resulted crosses mean squares were found to be either significant or highly significant for all the studied traits under normal and stress environments as well as the combined analysis, except for chlorophyll-a under drought. General combining ability and specific combining ability were found to be significant for all the studied characters under both conditions, except plant height for (SCA) under normal condition, chlorophyll-a for GCA under normal and drought as well as combined analysis and SCA under water-stress condition. The GCA/SCA ratios were found to be greater than unity, suggesting that, additive was much larger and more important than non-additive gene effects in the inheritance of these traits. The two parents Line 1 and Line 3 could be considered as excellent parents in breeding programs aimed to release drought tolerance cultivars. P1, P3, P4, P5 and P6 had the lowest drought susceptibility index value and F1 crosses P1xP2, P1xP3, P1xP4, P1xP5, P2xP6and P3xP5would be classified as drought tolerance due to the least reduction in yield under water stress compared to normal condition, such results might be useful for improving drought tolerance in wheat breeding program.
This study was carried out in one of compost factories in Sadat city Menoufia, Governorate in 2011. Basically these studies aimed to identify engineering studies on agricultural residuals recycling. These agricultural residuals are: Fields wastes (shredded rice straw), Animals wastes (manure) and Food processing wastes, sugar cane factories wastes (press-mud). The composting was aerobic; the mechanical turning was done by turning machine which traced with tractor by the rear shaft PTO. Then temperature, moisture content, reducing ratio, composting period and final product were measured. From results found, the temperature reaches its maximum quickly when piles turning three times per week for all piles, the moisture content decrease with increasing the composting period and frequently turning, the reducing ratio decrease with decrease the composting period, the higher product was at the higher frequently turning and the composting period was decrease with increasing the frequently turning.
This investigation was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station, Egypt during the three successive seasons,i.e.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.