Within recent years the importance of calcium and phosphorus in the diet in pregnancy has received considerable attention. In considering the nutritional value of these elements, it was also quite natural that the r6le played by vitamin D should be investigated. (5) give good evidence that a high calcium diet or calcium salts intravenously will relieve the symptoms of eclampsia.It seemed advisable, therefore, to make a study of the effect of these three agents in pregnancy, primarily from the standpoint of the transmission of calcium and phosphorus from the mother to the fetus. The primary object of the investigation was to see if the ash content of the fetus could be controlled by the character of the maternal diet; and secondly to determine whether or not there was any perceptible evidence of a drain by the fetus on the calcium and phosphorus content of the maternal bone. There are only two papers bearing on this particular phase of the subject, of which we are aware. Maxwell, Miles and Feng (1, 2) in their work, analysed the fetal bones of stillborns from osteomalacic mothers, and noted some decrease in the normal ash content; and Toverud (6) carried several rats through pregnancy on a low calcium diet and noted a decrease in the ash, calcium and phosphorus content of the maternal femurs.
Five days fasting in 12 non-obese, healthy volunteers caused a reduced capacity to excrete a single water load and to form maximally hypotonic urine. The minimum value of osmolarity of urine after fasting was on average 113mOsm/l, while it was 63 mOsm/l under control conditions. This abnormality in the formation of hypotonic urine could not be explained as the consequence of reduced glomerular filtration or enhanced solute excretion. The reduced diluting capacity is associated with an inadequate reduction of tubular water reabsorption.
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