The presence of heavy metals in drinking water is of public health significance because of their toxicity at even low concentrations. Water should also be free of microorganisms.The quality of drinking water from tap, rain,river and bottled water within Utagba-Uno, a rural community in Ndokwa, Delta State was evaluated by determining the minerals, heavy metals and microbial compositions. The nine water samples analyzed included three bottled water samples (BW),tap water sample (TW), rain water sample (RW) and four river water samples (RS).The heavy metal concentrations from < 0.001 -0.21 mg/l were below the maximum acceptable concentration (MAC) of 0.5 -50 mg/l.The calcium and sodium levels from < 0.001 -0.35 mg/l and < 0.001 -0.14 mg/l, respectively were below the MAC of 200 mg/l. The magnesium levels for most of the water samples were higher than the MAC of 0.1 mg/l.Escherichia coli was the most prevalent organism with percentage prevalence of 46.6% while Staphylococcus aureus was the least prevalent organism with percentage prevalence of 1.4%. Government should provide quality drinking water in Utagba-Uno. Sources of bottled water should be known and the mineral contents determined before consumption.
Plasma albumin, selenium, chromium and manganese levels of thirty patients each with HIV/AIDS, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and one hundred and six apparently healthy adults in Akwa-Ibom and Cross River States, South-South Nigeria was studied. The mean plasma albumin was higher in the control than in the disease patients. The mean plasma selenium was lowest in the control (0.004 ± 0.01 mg/L) than in the HIV/AIDS (0.007 ± 0.00 mg/L), diabetes mellitus (0.007 ± 0.00 mg/L) and CVD (0.010 ± 0.00 mg/L) patients. The mean plasma chromium was highest in the HIV/AIDS patients (0.125 ± 0.45 mg/L) and lowest in the diabetes mellitus patients (0.106 ± 0.04 mg/L). Plasma manganese level was highest in the control (0.028 ± 0.02 mg/L). Manganese was detected in the plasma of all the diseased patients. For the total healthy subjects, only 55.67, 68.87 and 83.93% had selenium, chromium and manganese detected in their blood plasma. There was no significant correlation between plasma levels of albumin, selenium, chromium and manganese (P > 0.05) in the control. The poor nutritional status of the disease patients was reflected by the depressed albumin levels.
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