The aim of this research is to carry out an assessment of pyrogenic load after the fire event in 2016 within the drained site of Great Vasyugan mire (Bakchar bog, North-East part of The Great Vasyugan mire). Specifically, the objectives of this study were to: 1) perform a retrospective analysis of the water-thermal regime of the area under study according to monitoring data on the nearby site for estimation of development emergence of a fire-dangerous situation conditions; 2) determine the quantitative characteristics of vegetation and microtopography fire transformation based on field data; 3) estimate zone of contamination by combustion products and 4) estimate the hydrocarbons composition of mire and river water, peat and typical plants of the pyrogenic disturbed bog. The water-thermal retrospective analysis confirmed that in August 2016, the most favourable conditions for the emergence of a fire-dangerous situation were developed. The area of fire spread was 5.54 km2, including within the mire of 4.44 km2. The area of Zn and Pb pollution covers an area of 8 km, which is consistent with the prevailing wind direction and atmospheric deposition data for 2016. The zone of extreme pollution of heavy metal peat deposits is limited mainly by the zone of intensive burning of the surface, however, and beyond it, there was also a significant (2 times) Zn, Cd and Pb concentration (except Cu) increase, mainly due to the migration of elements with water flow. Carbon losses for the burned area of 1 square metre to a depth of 30 cm were about 3,800 gC/m2. Against the background of a decrease in the content of n-alkanes, their share in the composition of peat lipids of the burnt area increases slightly, and among them the content of homologues C23–C25 increases, C29–C33 decreases and the CPI value decreases.
Приведены данные линейного прироста 3 видов мхов в средней тайге Западной Сибири, полученные за последние 3 года. Линейные приросты S. fuscum и S. magellanicum, растущих на повышенных элементах болотного микрорельефа, имеют сходную динамику, как по годам, так и по ключевым участкам, и зависят от годовой и летней суммы осадков. Средняя скорость прироста этих видов варьировала от 0.05 до 0.25 мм/день в зависимости от года исследования и ключевого участка. Прирост мочажинного вида S. balticum на 30% больше, чем линейный прирост мхов повышенных элементов микрорельефа, и имеет 2 пика – весенний и летний. Максимальная скорость прироста S. balticum приходится на летний период и составляет 0.55 мм/день, при средней скорости – 0.23 мм в день. Первичная продукция S. fuscum была выше продукции S. magellanicum, при этом продукция обоих видов различалась по годам и между ключевыми участками. Продукция S. magellanicum была наибольшей на западе региона, постепенно снижаясь к востоку.
This article presents the first results of long-term direct measurements of a few major components of carbon cycle in permafrost mire landforms in the sub-Arctic region of Western Siberia, Russia. It reveals the main features of geographical distribution of plant organic matter, including both the above-ground and below-ground fractions of live biomass, the biomass of dead roots (mortmass), and net primary production (NPP) in peat-accumulating flat palsa mires and in “khasyrei”—ecosystems of drained lakes in thermokarst depression on epigenetic permafrost. The study based on original methods of direct field measurements elaborated by authors for northern peatlands. In northern taiga, the NPP of palsa mires was found in the range of 300–580 g m−2 yr−1 and an average biomass of 1800 g m−2; in khasyrei, it accounts for 1100 g m−2 yr−1 and 2000 g m−2 of NPP and live biomass, respectively. In forest tundra, the live biomass of palsa mires was found in the range of 1000–1800 g m−2, and in khasyrei it was 2300 g m−2. The NPP of palsa mires were in the range of 400–560 g m−2 yr−1, and in khasyrei it was 800 g m−2 yr−1. Overall, we conclude that the south–north climatic gradient in Western Siberia is the main driver of plant organic matter accumulation. It was found different across mire ecosystems of the same types but located in different bioclimatic regions.
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