The effects of coastal environment and flue gases are major problems on the operations of industrial machines and the situation is not different at Takoradi Thermal Power Station (TTPS). It was observed that the relative humidity in the area coupled with the production of chloride ions and the formation of ammonium nitrate and ferric hydroxide are the major causes of corrosion at the plant. This paper sought to identify the causes of corrosion and their effects on machinery at TTPS. The major occurrence of corrosion was found to be pitting corrosion and induced stress corrosion cracking occurring on the tanks, pipes and tubes in the Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG). Consequently, this has led to the leaking of pipes, tanks and loss of production. The use of epoxy paint on the pipes and tanks will go along way to reduce the effects.
The use of plastics has increased over the past two to three decades especially in the areas of medicine, engineering and domestic application. Consequently, it consumption has generated increase in industrial and domestic waste. Since most plastics are not biodegradable they tend to have adverse short and long term effects on the environment, living organisms and the economy and the situation is not different in Ghana. Although some efforts are being made to reclaim the waste, it is very prudent that recycling of the collected waste is included in this scheme. This paper seeks to outline the design of a machine to recycle plastic waste. This will help keep the environment clean, safe, save energy and will also leads to resource recovery and the creation of jobs for the unemployed.
This paper seeks to investigate the sources and the level of fuel contamination in the Ghanaian market and its effects on internal combustion engines and the environment. A survey was conducted in and around the Tema Metropolitan Assembly to collect samples of fuels from different retailers without letting them know the intentions of the buyer (that these are for research). Experiments were carried out at Tema Oil Refinery (TOR), Tema, Ghana, on the two conventional fuels collected from these sources. The analysis of the results showed that fuel from the fuel tank and “Zamelama” (small scale petrol retailers) filling station had the highest level of contamination as far as the experiment on petrol (gasoline) was concerned. With the diesel fuel experiment, most of the values obtained were high but within the standard range at the refinery. Information obtained from questionnaires given to fuel tanker drivers, mechanics and sales persons at various filling stations indicated that the adulteration is done using Naphtha and Kerosene. Consequently, other experiments were carried out at TOR using different proportions of Naphtha and Kerosene and the resultant properties as a result of the adulteration were analyzed. It was observed that the adulterated fuels have undesirable properties such as High Gum Content, low Research Octane Number (RON) and Reid Vapour Pressure (RVP) values which may lead to engine damage and pollution of the environment due to increased exhaust emissions. Considering the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that Petrol adulterated with Naphtha or Kerosene should not be used in Internal Combustion Engines. This is because of its undesirable properties such as higher Gum content, lower RON and RVP values which lead to engine damage and pollution of the environment due to increased exhaust emissions.
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