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Salmonellosis pacifarin activity is detected by an increased survivorship of mice, doubly infected with avirulent and virulent Salmonella typhimurium, when heretofore unknown agents, found in certain natural foodstuffs and in the supernatants of certain bacterial cultures, are fed to the infected animals as dietary supplements. We now announce the identity of one of these agents: it is enterobactin, a cyclic trimer of 2,3-dihydroxy-N-benzoyl-L-serine. Basal diets enriched with as little as 2 mg of crystalline trimer per kg of diet show pacifarin activity to a statistically significant degree. Diets supplemented with as much as 100 mg of the monomer per kg of diet show no such activity.