This article presents the new data on the chemical and gas composition, the content of stable isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and sulfur in natural mineral waters of the Essentuki field. A detailed study of the geological and hydrogeological features of the water circulation area, its major chemical composition, the content of organic matter in water, temperature conditions and δ18OSMOW, δDSMOW, δ13CDIC, δ18ODIC, δ34SVCDT, δ13CCO2, δ13CCH4, δ15N values made it possible to specify the genesis of water, gas, and solute components of the Essentuki CO2-rich mineral water field. The stable isotopes values (δ18OSMOW and δDSMOW) in the water phase ranges from −13.75 to −9.69‰ and from −101.08 to −74.34‰, respectively. They correspond to GMWL, which indicates their predominantly infiltration genesis. The values of δ13CDIC in mineral waters of the Essentuki field vary widely from −14.43 to +8.59‰ and indicate their mixed genesis. δ15N gas values in mineral waters of the Essentuki field vary quite widely from −2.31 to 2.50‰ indicating a different source of this gas. Obtained data prove that all mineral waters in the Essentuki field are infiltration waters, and the heterogeneous component composition of waters circulating in different aquifers reflects the lithological composition of water-bearing strata, the rate of openness/closure of faults and the intensity of reactions in the «water-rock-gas-organic matter» system.
The article presents modern data on the chemical, gas composition, the content of the stable isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen, carbon and sulfur in the natural mineral waters of the Essentuki field. A detailed study of the geological and hydrogeological features of the water circulation territory, their macro components composition, the content of organic matter in the water, temperature conditions and values of δ18ОSMOW, δDSMOW, δ13СDIC, δ18ОDIC, δ34SVCDT, δ13CCO2, δ13CCH4, δ15N revealed the genesis of the aqueous, gas and salt components of the natural mineral waters of the Essentuki field. Established that all natural mineral waters of the Essentuki field are meteoric infiltration waters. The heterogeneous component composition of the natural mineral waters, that circulate in various aquifers, represents the features of the lithological composition of the water-bearing rocks, the degree of openness or closeness of faults and the intensity of reactions in the water-rock-gas-organic matter system.
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