SUMMARY:The invertebrate fauna associated with colonies of the bryozoan Schizoporella errata was studied at two sites differing in hydrodynamism in southeastern Brazil. Patterns of species distribution, abundance, and diversity were similar at both sites. Polychaetes dominated the assemblages, both in number of individuals and species, with 70 species distributed in 20 families. Decapod crustaceans were also abundant, mainly anomuran crabs and caridean shrimps. Cluster analysis separated the samples from each site, and further analysis indicated that an interaction between water movement and trophic structure could explain these differences. At the site with low water movement, more muddy sediments were found inside the colonies, and a greater proportion of deposit-feeders was found. At the other site, higher hydrodynamism resulted in less sediments within the colonies, and favoured the occurrence of more filter-feeders. The trophic structure of faunal assemblages can help understand the structure of assemblages associated with biogenic substrata, as already demonstrated for benthic communities.
The crustacean species composition in the intertidal zones of 13 sheltered unconsolidated marine beaches in south-eastern Brazil is described. Fifty-three crustacean species were collected, adding 46 species to the total reported by previous studies in the same region. Decapods dominated the community, in contrast to exposed sandy beaches where peracarids normally predominate. The species were distributed irregularly among the beaches. Richness varied markedly among sites, and was positively related to a combination of factors such as ¢ne sand grains, high organic matter content, and relatively low siltĉ lay content. The presence of rock fragments enabled both rocky shore and sandy beach crustaceans to occur on the same beaches. Richness and abundance of crustaceans showed no clear relationship to sediment grain size and slope, in contrast to the norm for exposed sandy beaches. The dominance of the tanaid Kalliapseudes schubarti in some areas may be a result of organic matter pollution in the region. These beaches showed higher species richness than typical sheltered and exposed sandy beaches, indicating that this sheltered, highly heterogeneous seascape is an important area for conservation.
O conceito de que a temperatura constitui um fator limitante, essencial na distribuição, tem sido amplamente aceito. No entanto, fixar áreas limítrofes e distinguir conjuntos faunísticos com precisão, tem se mostrado extremamente diffcil. Uma análise dos numerosos estudos sôbre a oceanografia do Atlântico Sul e da costa brasileira, acompanhada de uma revisão cronológica da literatura sobre a zoogeografia dessa região, foi efetuada por PALÁCIO (1982).No litoral do Estado de São Paulo, a região de Ubatuba é uma das mais estudadas, havendo um razoável número de trabalhos sobre a sistemática e a ecologia de anelídeos poliquetos de substrato mole:
(1992), sobre os bivalves e gastrópo-des da Praia do Saco da Ribeira, Ubatuba (São Paulo). Pode-se também mencionar os trabalhos sobre a macrofauna dessa região, efetuados por AMARAL el a!. (1990) e MORGADO el a!. (1990).O presente trabalho constitui parte dos resultados obtidos com o Programa Fauna de Praia, que tem por objetivo conhecer a macrofauna bêntica da região entremarés de praias do litoral do estado de São Paulo, e desta forma, fornecer subsídios para programas de monitoramento.
This study was performed in the intertidal zone of Barra Velha, Perequê, and Engenho d'Água beaches, located on São Sebastião Island (São Paulo State, Brazil), to assess the composition, abundance, and zonation of the polychaete community in the intertidal zone. Four structurally different sectors were established, two on Barra Velha (I and lI), one on Perequê, and one on Engenho d'Água. Each sector was divided into 3 tidal levels (lower, middle, and upper), in which 5 or 6 random samples were taken seasonally using a corer of 0.01 m2 in area. Laeonereis acuta, Capitella capitata, and Heteromastus filiformis dominated in the upper tidal levels, and Scoloplos (Leodamas) sp. and Cirriformia tentaculata in the lower levels. The structural complexity of Engenho d'Água, caused by rocky fTagments mixed with sand, supported the richest and most diverse polychaete fauna of ali the sectors. The salinity of the interstitial water and the organic matter content were the principal factors related to the zonation patterns at these sites.
Two species of PaZmyridae were found'in coZonies of the bryozoan Schizoponetta unicon~ (Johnston): Bhawania bnunn~ new for the science~ and Chny~opetalurn occidentale Johnson~ cited for the first time for the BraziZian coast. These two species are described and their distribution is estabZished. Bhawania b~unn~ sp. novo is conspicuousZy characterized by the structures on the prostomium and the configuration of the paZeae.Introdução Nesta segunda contribuição ao conhec imento dos ane1ideos po1iquetos associados ao briozoário Schizoponella uni-con~ (Johnston), são descritas duas es-pec~es da família Pa1myridae: Bhawania b~nn~ sp. nov. e ChnyMpe..ta..turn occiden-We Johnson.
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