In the BLAAMA" device a wealdy ionized hydrogen plasma is produced by electrons accelerated from a hoL negatively biosed tungsten filament and confined in a toroidal magnetic field of strength up to 0.4 T. The plasma is turbulent, with relative fluctuation levels in ne, # and Tc of 10% or more. The time-averaged state exhibits nested toroidal surfaces of constant potential and pressure, which requires an anomalous cross-field cumeat to remove the spacecharge injected by the cathode and the charge accumulated due to the VB-and C U N ~U E drifts. Typical plusma parameters me n, -10l6 m-3, T, .. 1-20 eV, Z -I eV. The cross-field diffusion coefficient is typically DI -30 m2 s-' -IO4 x Of"""' -10' x DY". Evidence is presented in support of the hypothesis that the placma goes turbulent beuuse it needs to develop an anomalous current channel. nnd this turbulence in tum determines the plasma transport and the time-averaged state.
This mi& is based on wave experiments performed in the toroidal plasma device B l a m " , and a comparison between experimental and theoretical values for the dispersion relation. A motorized probe, which could be moved in two axial directions, gave us the opportunity to investigate spatial dependencies, in our case wavefronts of ion-Bernstein waves.The article demonstliltes how wave measurements of this kind can be used for obtaining ion temperature and density relations between the ion species H+, H: and H : in a weakly ionized hydrogen gas. The resulting relations are compared with what was obtained in a similar experimental set-up in the plasma device Thorello in Italy.
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