In this research, yellow color on nylon was produced by dyeing with weld (Reseda luteola) and pomegranate peel as natural dyes. The aluminum potassium sulphate salt was used as mordanting agent and four different methods of dyeing as non-mordanting, pre-mordanting, meta-mordanting, and after-mordanting were applied. The dyeing behavior of dyes was assessed by colorimetric evaluations and fastness properties. The spectrophotometric properties of dyed samples were also studied by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Based on colorimetric evaluations, weld in comparison with pomegranate peel resulted in lighter and yellower colors. The rubbing fastness in all dyed samples was excellent, while samples dyed with pomegranate peel showed better washing fastness properties. Also, the best light fastness was obtained by the after-mordanting dyeing method. Overall, the best results of fastness properties were obtained by using after-mordanting method.
In this study, a new spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of some textile dyes with different types of overlapping spectra. The binary mixtures of five dyes with yellow, scarlet, red, blue, and navy blue colors were analyzed by zero-crossing-point first-derivative spectrophotometry. The absorption spectra of the mixtures prepared in different ratios were recorded between 400 and 700 nm. First derivative amplitudes at appropriate zero-crossing wavelengths were selected for the determination of dyes in the mixtures. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of dyes with overlapping spectra in their bicomponent mixtures. The proposed derivative method is simple, rapid, and suitable for quantitative analysis of bicomponent dye solutions.
Waste cotton fibers were used to produce activated carbon fiber (ACF) via chemical activation method with phosphoric acid. The effect of different operational parameters on the adsorption capacity and yield of activated carbon fibers was studied by Taguchi experimental design. Optimized conditions were: Activation temperature of 450 o C, activation time of 0.5 h, impregnation ratio of 2, and the rate of temperature rising of 10 o C min -1. The activated carbon fiber produced under optimized conditions was characterized by pore structure analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energydispersion spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The obtained results showed that the produced activated carbon has developed porous structure, fibrous shape, predominantly amorphous structure, large number of oxygen functional groups, and acidic nature.
The goal of present work is to simulate the size of silver nanoparticles synthesized through Tollens process. In this way, artificial neural networks (ANNET) and Multiples Polynomial regressions (MPR) approaches were used for the modeling of silver nanoparticles dimensions. The modeling procedure was carried out based on the ammonia concentration and the type of reducing agent used. According to the obtained results, the proposed technique (ANNET) performs better than the conventional regression method and is suitable for the simulation of the size of silver nanoparticles synthesized through Tollens process.
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