The main aim of this study was to translate the Oslo Sport Trauma Research Center (OSTRC) Overuse Injury Questionnaire into Swedish. The validity and applicability of the questionnaire for studying overuse injuries among Swedish handball, volleyball, tennis, and orienteering top athletes were also examined. The back-translation method was used for translation. An expert committee further developed it for use in a study of injuries in handball, orienteering, tennis, and volleyball. A 10-week pretest was then conducted on 43 athletes, average age 21 (18-31) from these sports, during which time the athletes completed the modified OSTRC questionnaire on a weekly basis. In the 10th week, four additional questions were added in order to examine the questionnaire's content validity. No major disagreement was found in the translation. The athletes perceived the web-based questionnaire to be smooth and easy to complete, accurately capturing overuse injuries. However, suggestions were made to add questions relating to the hip for orienteerers and to the hand/fingers for handball players. The average prevalence of overuse injuries for all athletes, in any anatomical area was 22% (95% confidence interval 20-25). Construct validity appeared to be high, and we therefore suggest that the questionnaire may be used when studying overuse injuries in different sports.

Chemotherapy improves the survival rate of patients with disseminated teratoid testicular tumours, but patients without evidence of metastatic spread are not usually given further treatment after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy because of the high toxicity of most drugs; 10 to 20% of these patients die later with widespread disease. In an earlier series of 24 patients from our hospital the survival rate in stage I disease was below 70%. Since 1973, when we began to use adjuvant chemotherapy in this group, there have been no relapse.

Abstract Introduction Numerous torture victims have experienced severe physical or phycological trauma to their face, mouth, and teeth. A dental visit carries a risk for torture survivors to relive the trauma, since the situation may trigger a recollection of previous suffering. Although health care personnel at resource center for torture victims are equipped with various tools to help and assist these individuals in their rehabilitation, very few centers have protocols in place to refer out victims to dental professionals with experience and knowledge in the area. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of dental and health care personnel’s knowledge and awareness to detect various torture signs with focus on the oral cavity.  Material and Methods Dental (n=16) and health care (n=6) personnel conducted individual interviews, group interviews, and qualitative data from a questionnaire. All interviews were transcribed, and a phenomenological-hermeneutical method was used to analyze the participants' answers. Results Six health care and 16 dental personnel answered the questionnaire, and 5 health care and 16 dental personnel participated in the interviews. Dental personnel demonstrated a lack of knowledge and experiences regarding signs of torture with focus on the oral cavity, nor a multidisciplinary collaboration on torture victims. Most of the health care personnel had clear suggestions for external signs of torture and showed good knowledge of how to refer a torture victim to dental personnel. Discussion Through a multidisciplinary approach, potential harmful long-term effects resulting from dental care visits can be prevented and the approach can additionally contribute to better resource utilization in health care. There is a need for increased awareness and knowledge of injuries and signs resulting from torture in the oral cavity among dental and health care personnel.

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