In this paper we consider the formation of such an indicator of the urban environment as comfort. The aim of the study is to identify factors affecting this indicator and to draw up possible development paths in the conditions of our country. The main method used to study this topic is the analysis of received information on carrying out activities in foreign countries. As a result, it has been concluded that some projects can be implemented in Russia, but this topic requires more detailed study, as well as the development and implementation of a large number of projects in order to create a truly comfortable urban environment.
The aim of the work is to develop an algorithm for designing building constructions, namely their geometric construction (the geometrical location of points) in the form of an expression using the formula (equation) of geometric property of construction expressed in the projection by nonlinear functions. The article gives an algorithm for finding analytical dependencies of nonlinear functions used in applications. You must select a coordinate system before composing the curve equation. The type of the desired equation depends on the choice of the coordinate system. There are no rules that could guide one in choosing a coordinate system, and the ability to make the most rational choice is given only by experience. In this paper, the examples of the choice of coordinate systems show the form of functions, namely, their simplification. In some cases, geometric construction is the only way to present a graphic image of the building structure itself, no matter how complex it may be in the Cartesian coordinate system. The polar coordinate system is presented here as an alternative for unique structures and structures of increased complexity in the Cartesian coordinate system. This is achieved by establishing a relationship between the current coordinates of the point located on the projection of the construction and constants characterizing the properties of this construction, called a function on the plane and a surface in space in researches. The prospect of this approach has proven itself: in the construction of exquisite palace temples, beautiful architectural ensembles that make the space surrounding a person comfortable.
The efficiency of sowing and harvesting processes in agriculture is one of the most important components of the success of an agricultural firm. Natural and climatic conditions typical for the majority of Russian agricultural territories impose restrictions on the timing and the fundamental possibility of sowing and harvesting. Therefore, the low efficiency of sowing and harvesting processes leads to a corresponding decrease in the volume of crop production. A number of works [1-4] consider various approaches to increasing the efficiency of sowing and harvesting, however, a systematic approach to the management of agricultural company processes requires the identification of the most significant reasons for the decrease in the efficiency and addresses as a priority their elimination (or reduction in the strength of their influence). The paper analyzes the reasons for the inefficiencies of sowing and harvesting processes and provides recommendations for reducing the impact of these reasons.
The study outlines the essence and social significance of nature reserves, identifies the features and conditions for improving the efficiency of their reproduction, specifies and supplements criteria and indicators for assessing the level of their use and reproduction efficiency. The modern functioning of the reserve, the dynamics of its development are considered, a preliminary assessment of the material and financial security and the reproduction adequacy of the Streletsky section of the reserve is given. A logical scheme for determining the optimal size and configuration of the Streletsky section of the reserve has been developed, recommended regimes of using its biota have been differentiated, promising directions and sources of optimizing the reproduction of meadow-steppe herbage of the reserve have been identified. It is human, his scientific knowledge, moral and spiritual world, consciousness, as the original source of diligence and care, has always been the main condition for the well-being of the nature of steppe natural complexes and their harmony with human. A person should feel like its kind master, bringing his good work and art into it.
Purpose of reseach is to analyze the practice in the application of surfaces formed by the movement of a straight line. It is known that among the second-order surfaces cones, cylinders, hyperboloids of one sheet and hyperbolic paraboloids, as well as lines represented in the polar coordinate system in the form of intricate shapes that can be represented in space by the above-mentioned surfaces, adding a third dimension, have rectilinear generators. The strength resulting from covering each point of the listed surfaces with straight lines from different families does not make the structure heavier but strengthens it and makes it light compared to monoliths without reinforcements made of other materials, in which stability is not based on Shukhov calculation formulas. Methods Finding families of rectilinear generators for second-order surfaces calculation of which is based on the separation of equations that represent a second-order surface as a difference of squares in one part of the equation and as a product with an arbitrary parameter in the other part. Results. Analyzing second-order surfaces, we came to the conclusion that cones, cylinders are prone to this method of Shukhov calculations; equation of the form F (x,y)=0 in space defines a cylindrical surface whose generators are parallel to axis oz. Similarly, F (x, z)=0 defines a cylindrical surface with generators parallel to axis oy and F (y;z)=0 is a cylindrical surface with generators parallel to axis ox. A hyperboloid of one sheet, hyperbolic paraboloid, i.e. 10 surfaces out of 14, make up more than 70%. Conclusion. As a result of applying these formulas for calculating reinforced building structures, city buildings will acquire a new appearance, which will create a comfortable environment for residents, as well as lead to saving construction material resources.
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