The marine environment is open to large sources of toxic organic waste in the form of accidental oil spills. Therefore, it is important to study microbial degradation processes that help reduce the damage caused to the environment. Universally, oil spills produce enormous public anxiety and highlight the need for costeffective, indigenous and environmentally acceptable bioremediation technologies. In recent times, advanced remedial techniques have been opted, such as solidifying, skimming, controlled burning and bioremediation. The present study aimed to isolate crude oil-degrading marine bacteria from Vadinar coastal area of Gujarat, India. Among seven isolates, three potential bacterial strains were chosen for crude oil and petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) degradation, which were analysed by UV spectrophotometric and fluorometric analysis. These bacterial cultures were verified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identified as Bacillus species. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out to confirm the evolutionary relationship with existing oil-degrading species. In the present study, drop collapse, oil spreading and emulsification assay were performed to detect biosurfactant production. Bacillus sp. NM1 KT354277 was capable of degrading 50% of PHCs at the end 72 h for one week under rotary incubation in ONR7a medium. Among the studied strains, Bacillus sp. NM3 KT354278 showed promising lipase activity, viz. 60.72 and 61.19 U ml -1 for 2% of olive oil and tributyrin respectively. Thus, the present study explores indigenous marine isolates that could be utilized as a potential alternative for oilspill remediation in future.
One of the water sources for consumption that has been used a lot is Amazonas wells, as an cheap water source. Based on this assumption, this study aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical and results with the maximum values allowed by Ordinance 2,914/11. The instrumental and volumetric methods were used to determine the physic-chemical and chemical parameters. Subsequently, the statistical treatment was performed through multivariate analysis. The results revealed that the parameters meet the limits established by the Ordinance, except the turbidity in Condeixa in June to August. The parameters that was not recommended by the legislation contributed significantly to establish the quality of contamination from anthropogenic actions. The use of multivariate analysis contributed to obtain important information in the identification of similarities and differences between the parameters studied.
The objective was to evaluate the water quality of the Pau-Cheiroso igarapé, Igarapé-Açu/PA, through physicochemical parameters and to make the comparison with the acceptable values established by the legislation. Ten points were selected and divided into areas of riparian forest and urban area. The determinations were performed in April, June, August, October and December of 2015 and February of 2016. It was observed that the pH averages were below 6, the minimum value allowed in class II waters; The values of turbidity oscillated within the maximum allowed value; The values of dissolved oxygen did not present above the acceptable minimum of 5 mg L -1 ; And the temperature did not vary significantly between the points and between the collections. It was possible to distinguish two distinct groups through the multivariate analysis, observing the influence of the removal of riparian forest, by the urbanization process, on the water quality of the Pau-Cheiroso stream.Key Words: water quality, urbanization process, environmental management. Qualidade da água do igarapé pau-cheiroso e o processo de urbanização doMunicípio Igarapé-Açu/PA RESUMO O objetivo foi avaliar a qualidade da água do igarapé Pau-Cheiroso, Igarapé-Açu/PA, através de parâmetros físico-químicos e realizar a comparação com os valores aceitáveis estabelecidos pela legislação. Foram selecionados 10 pontos e divididos em área de mata ciliar e em área urbana. As determinações foram realizadas nos meses de abril, junho, agosto, outubro e dezembro de 2015 e fevereiro de 2016. Observou-se que as médias de pH se encontraram abaixo de 6, valor mínimo permitido em águas de classe II; os valores de turbidez oscilaram dentro do valor máximo permitido; os valores de oxigênio dissolvido não se apresentaram acima do mínimo aceitável de 5 mg L -1 ; e a temperatura não variou significativamente entre os pontos e entre as coletas. Foi possível distinguir através da análise multivariada dois grupos distintos, observando a influência da retirada da mata ciliar, pelo processo de urbanização, na qualidade da água do igarapé Pau-Cheiroso.Palavras Chaves: qualidade da água, processo de urbanização, gestão ambiental. I. INTRODUÇÃOA água pode ser considerada um recurso abundante, relativamente para as necessidades atuais. No passado era visto como bem infinito impossível de acabar, mas os tempos mudaram e a água é hoje o recurso mais importante para a vida, sendo caracterizada como finito para o consumo humano. A importância da água não está relacionada apenas às suas funções na natureza, mas ao papel que exerce na saúde, economia e qualidade de vida humana [1].A proximidade com a água foi um fator preponderante no crescimento e desenvolvimento das civilizações e das cidades atuais que utilizam a mesma para seus diversos fins. Ambientes aquáticos são utilizados em todo o mundo com distintas finalidades, entre as quais se destacam o abastecimento de água (doméstico e industrial), a geração de energia, a irrigação, a
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